| 摘要: |
| 公园绿地与城市功能空间存在空间占有及利用的关联，相关特征与演化规律仍有待揭示。引入生态位宽度、生态位重叠、总体和类型间联结性模型，结
合POI、土地利用数据，探究2012、2016和2020年南京公园绿地与城市功能空间的空间占有与利用特征，揭示二者关联和演化规律。结果表明：1)公园绿地的
生态位宽度呈缩减趋势，与城市各功能空间差异显著；2)公园绿地与城市功能空间整体呈显著正联结，空间格局渐趋稳定，但其与各类型呈不显著联结，稳定性有
待提高；3)公园绿地与城市各功能空间均存在不同程度的生态位重叠，空间利用的分化程度渐趋提高，均由正联结向负联结转化，关联度呈商服>公共服务>交通>
居住>工业生产空间的规律。研究结果有助于深化公园绿地与城市空间关系理论体系，为存量更新中城市空间资源配置效率提升、空间结构优化提供科学依据。 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 公园绿地 城市功能空间 生态位 关联性 南京 |
| DOI：10.19775/j.cla.2025.04.0103 |
| 投稿时间：2023-11-30修订日期：2024-03-28 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目(51878429)；风景园林学“十四五”江苏省重点学科(2022—2025年)建设经费项目；江苏省研究生实践创新计划
(SJCX23_1758) |
|
| The Ecological Niche of Park Green Space and Its Correlation with Urban Functional Space: A CaseStudy of Nanjing |
| XIA Yingxin,,WU Dianming*,,SHAO Dawei |
| Abstract: |
| Park green space, as a fundamental component of urban green
ecological spaces, plays a pivotal role in both ecological and recreational
functions, making them one of the core elements of the "Park City" construction.
They nest and interact with different types of urban functional spaces, primarily
hard-gray spaces, presenting dynamic and phased correlation patterns
throughout urban evolution. While numerous studies have explored the spatial
configurations and functional benefits of park green space and urban functional
space separately, there is a lack of comprehensive research that integrates both
components into a multilevel system. Furthermore, the few studies that explored
their relationships tend to focus on the one-way effects of urban functional
space on park green space or general superficial relationships such as spatial
distribution. From the perspective of space utilization and allocation which
can't be ignored in the process of spatial harmonization, it remains challenging
to effectively address the differences in level, directional roles, the degree of
interaction between park green space and urban functional space, and the
laws of spatial-temporal evolution. This lack of clarity hinders the efficient
allocation and sustainable development of ecological-recreational resources
and urban spatial elements. To address these issues, this study introduces
the theory of ecological niche and connectivity, which offers valuable insights
into spatial positioning and the status of resource occupation. This theoretical
framework is examined through three levels of correlation: individual elements,
overall relationships, and inter-type relationships. Using niche width, niche
overlap, and overall and inter-type connectivity models, the study investigates
the spatial occupancy and utilization of park green space with urban functional
space integrating the Points of Interest and land use data. With the main
urban area of Nanjing as a case study, we select nested urban sample zones
to reveal the evolutionary patterns at three key time nodes in 2012, 2016, and
2020. The results show that: 1) The niche width of park green space shows
a shrinking trend, and its value is significantly lower than those of all types of
urban functional spaces, placing individual space utilization at a disadvantage;
2) Park green space and urban functional space show a significant positive
correlation overall, and the spatial pattern is becoming more and more stable.
However, there is no significant correlation with different types, indicating the
need to improve their inter-type stability; 3) Park green space and each type
of urban functional space show different degrees of niche overlap, with increasing
spatial utilization differentiation, and the direction of correlation shifts from positive to
negative. The degree of correlation follows the pattern: commercial service > public
service > traffic > residential > industrial production space. Based on these
findings, this study proposes strategies to expand the niche width of park green
space by integrating fragmented resources and optimizing the utilization of
existing spatial stock. It also advocates for creating a hierarchical structure of
urban space niche based on green space and promoting the niche integration
of multifunctional composite green space to harmonize the correlation between
park green space and urban functional space. This study aims to deepen the
theoretical understanding of the relationship between park green space and
urban space, providing a scientific and dynamic foundation for improving the
efficiency of urban spatial resource allocation and optimizing spatial structure in
urban renewal processes. |
| Key words: landscape architecture park green space urban functional space ecological niche correlation Nanjing |
