| 摘要: |
| 地域文化景观是长期历史层累所形成的具有内部关联图式的复杂系统，但快速城镇化建设致其严重破碎化与孤岛化，使地域文化景观整体性研究迫在眉
睫。将“层积”视角引入地域文化景观研究，以山东梁山县为例，通过文字材料与图像材料的数字转译，建立水利系统、聚落体系、人文景观3个景观载体层级的
层积时空数据库，探究地域文化景观格局的层积特征、关联特性与动力机制。研究显示，梁山地区地域文化景观格局的层积过程与黄河影响下的区域湖泊演变密
切相关，经历了巨野泽时期的初步发展、梁山泊时期的衰退与文学化、安山湖时期的分异与成熟、东平湖时期的现代化更新4个阶段。黄河变迁与水浒创作2个事
件类型分别塑造了地方行为模式与情感认知2个方面的文化内因，作用于地域文化景观格局，构成塑造核心地域文化景观特征的动力机制。最后，基于历史层积、
关联特性、动力机制3个方面的认知提出了梁山地区地域文化景观整体性发展保护的建议 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 山东梁山 地域文化景观 景观格局 层积解译 动力机制 |
| DOI：10.19775/j.cla.2025.04.0071 |
| 投稿时间：2024-03-22修订日期：2024-07-29 |
| 基金项目:教育部人文社科基金青年基金项目(21YJCZH172)；山东省高等学校青创团队计划(2024KJN026)；山东省人文社会科学课题(2023—WHLC—
034)；济南市哲学社会科学重点项目(JNSK23B24)；山东省文化和旅游研究课题(23WL(Y)307)；山东省社会科学规划研究项目(22CWYJ20)；山东省高等学
校青创科技支持计划(2023KJ325) |
|
| Layering Interpretation and Dynamic Mechanism of Regional Cultural Landscape Patterns inLiangshan County, Shandong Province |
| WANG Yue,,ZHAN Yuchen,,ZHAO Yusang,,REN Zhen,,SONG Feng* |
| Abstract: |
| Regional cultural landscapes are complex systems with internal
correlation patterns formed by long-term historical accumulation, but the
rapid urbanization in the past 40 years has caused serious fragmentation and
isolation, which makes it urgent to study the holistic nature of regional cultural
landscapes. This paper introduces the perspective of "layering" into the study
of regional cultural landscapes. Taking Liangshan County in Shandong Province
as an example, we digitally translate and graphically present multiple textual
or pictorial materials, such as inscriptions, ancient paintings, historical maps,
archaeological briefs, field surveys, and existing studies, and establish a layering
time series of three landscapes: water conservancy system, settlement system,
and humanistic landscapes. A spatial and temporal database of the layers of the
water system, settlement system, and humanistic landscape was established
to investigate the characteristics of the layers of the regional cultural landscape
pattern in the Liangshan area, the associated characteristics, and the dynamic
mechanism. The study found that: 1) In terms of layering characteristics, the
layering process of the regional cultural landscape pattern in Liangshan is
closely related to the evolution of regional lakes under the influence of the Yellow
River, corresponding to the four periods of lake evolution, namely, Juyeze,
Liangshanbo, Anshan Lake, and Dongping Lake. In the initial development
stage, the regional cultural landscape pattern is characterized by layers of few
types, small scope, and high degree of discrete; in the stage of decline and
literacy, it is characterized by layers of restricted scope and continuous decline;
in the stage of differentiation and maturity, it is characterized by layers of multilevel
coupling between nature and artifice; and in the stage of modernization
and renewal, it is characterized by layers of comprehensive reconstruction
and fragmentation. 2) In terms of association characteristics, through the
superposition analysis of the visual information of each landscape level, it is
found that the association of each landscape level has gone through four stages
of development: scattered grouping mode, segmented grouping mode, locally
associated grouping mode, and underdeveloped strong association grouping
mode. 3) In terms of the dynamic mechanism, through the summary of the three
types of event motives and their spatial and temporal scopes of action in the
natural environment, political economy, and social humanities of the Liangshan
region, it is found that the two types of events, namely the Yellow River Change
and the Water Margin Creation, respectively shaped the cultural endogenous
factors of the local behavioral patterns and the emotional perceptions, and acted
on the regional cultural landscape pattern, thus shaping the core characteristics
of the regional cultural landscape pattern. Finally, based on the previous
knowledge of the three aspects of historical layers, associated properties, and
dynamic mechanism, a proposal for the holistic development and protection
of regional cultural landscapes in Liangshan is put forward, which suggests
that the multiple expressions of historical layers should be strengthened, the
associated properties of landscape layers should be deepened, and the layering
dynamics of historical landscapes should be extended. In conclusion, this
study can provide relatively comprehensive information reference and process
understanding for the development of Liangshan area, so as to provide certain
theoretical support for the holistic protection and modern translation of regional
cultural landscape |
| Key words: landscape architecture Liang Mountain regional cultural landscape landscape pattern layering interpretation dynamic mechanism |
