| 摘要: |
| 基于存量更新时期城市空间精细化利用和提质增效目标，针对复杂地形条件下山地城市公园空间“精明增效”问题，提出细分地形多尺度响应的设计
应对思路，将山地城市公园的基址地形细分为山岭、丘岗、谷凼3种宏观地类，陡崖、坡坎、麓坡、单丘、多丘、沟谷、坑凼7种中观地形，以及崖边、崖顶、缓
坡、陡坡、陡坎、麓边、麓底、丘顶、丘缘、丘底、谷缘、谷底、坑缘、坑底14种微观址位；从城市空间、园区空间、场所空间三重空间尺度，梳理出地段功能
统筹、城园视线导控、园区功能区划、园路交通组织、园景体系建构、特色空间营建、一体化场地设计7项设计响应要素；以“低成本、低扰动、高适应性、高质
效”为精明内涵，以城市人居空间综合质效提升、公园园区空间建设使用质效提升、游憩场所空间体验感知质效提升为增效目标，提炼总结出基于细分地形多尺
度响应的山地城市公园空间适应性设计与精明增效方法，以期为存量更新时期山地城市公园空间提质增效实践提供参考 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 山地城市 城市公园 细分地形 层级传导 适应性设计 存量更新 空间质效 |
| DOI：10.19775/j.cla.2025.04.0063 |
| 投稿时间：2023-12-03修订日期：2024-08-05 |
| 基金项目:重庆市社会科学规划项目(2021NDYB090)；国家自然科学基金青年项目(52108042)；重庆市自然科学基金面上项目(cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0329) |
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| Space Adaptive Design and Smart Utility Improving of Urban Parks in Mountainous Cities Based onMulti-scale Responding to the Subdivided Landforms |
| XIAO Jing,,CAO Ke*,,YANG Yalin,,LI Ruochen |
| Abstract: |
| In mountainous environments with complex terrain conditions, the
construction of urban park spaces has its own generation laws and construction
mechanisms. It exists in the multi-scale coupled response process of park
space to the subdivided mountainous terrains and requires in-depth analysis to
scientifically guide the construction practice. In the period of urbanization peakrate,
influenced by the logic of prioritizing economic utility in land use planning,
mountainous urban parks are often planned in urban corners and construction
residual spaces, with complex terrain and variable base sites, and are constructed
by the general principle guidance. With the power decline of expansive spatial
production, the development of Chinese cities has entered a period of inventory
renewal. At this stage, urban construction aims to provide quality supply for the
people's demand for a better life, with the path of improving the utilization of
existing space. In this context, the scientific layout and smart utility improving
of recreational spaces in mountainous urban parks have important research
significance. Based on the background above, this study proposes a "smart utility
improving" design approach of multi-scale response to subdivided terrain for
urban park space renewal in mountainous cities. It has summarized the terrains in
mountainous areas at the macro, meso, and micro spatial scales; they are 3 types
of landforms: mountains, hills, and valleys and pits, 7 terrain features including
cliffs, slopes and scarps, foothills, single hills, multiple hills, valleys, and pits, as
well as 14 terrain site conditions including cliff edges, cliff tops, gentle slopes,
steep slopes, steep scarps, foothills, foothills, hilltops, hilledges, hillbottoms, valley
edges, valley bottoms, pit edges, and pit bottoms. On the other hand, the article
characterizes various terrains through characterization factors such as terrain
elevation differences, cross-sectional shapes, and average slopes. The relevant
content significantly improves the accuracy of the elements of mountain terrain
division and morphological representation, which helps to refine the urban design
theoretical research and practical exploration in mountainous city. Based on the
above terrain type classification and the principles of low cost, low disturbance,
high adaptability, the article aims to improve the comprehensive performance of
urban human settlement spaces, the construction and utility performance of urban
park spaces, and the perception and experience performance of recreational
spaces, and seven design response elements from three spatial scales of urban
space, park space and site space were proposed, which are: overall coordination
of district function, urban and park sight corridor control, functional zoning, traffic
organization, landscape system construction, characteristic space creation,
and site integration design. Finally, based on a survey of 20 sample parks in the
central urban area of Chongqing, the article extracts the visitor activity patterns
and construction mechanisms of urban park spaces in mountainous cities with
different terrains. Based on this, the corresponding adaptive design strategies are
proposed, including urban scale response to macro landforms, planning of overall
regional functions, and controlling urban park sightlines; park scale response
to meso terrain forms, divides functional areas, organizes park road traffic, and
constructs a park landscape system; site scale adopts the structure of park space,
response to the micro terrain location, and integrates the design of characteristic
spaces. The relevant content has enhanced the depth of existing research on
mountain city design, which is conducive to guiding the scientific layout and smart
utility improving of urban park spaces in mountain cities. |
| Key words: landscape architecture mountainous cities urban parks subdivided
landforms hierarchical transmission adaptive design inventory renewal quality
and utility of space |
