| 摘要: |
| 城市蓝绿空间是健康城市建设的重要抓手。20世纪90年代以来，城市蓝绿空间健康促进效应研究异常活跃，成为国际风景园林及相关学科领域的热点
之一。扼要总结了该领域研究涉及的3类关键问题：健康促进机制(健康促进效应产生的内因和途径)、健康响应规律(城市蓝绿空间对健康结果的影响效应和转译
过程)和健康绩效优化(健康绩效导向下的城市蓝绿空间规划调控目标与干预路径)。简要讨论了今后城市蓝绿空间健康促进效应研究应重视的若干问题：跨媒介
“绿色处方”的开发与应用、生成式人工智能介入健康绿地规划设计及大健康视域下的风景疗愈服务与支持体系构建，旨在促进城市蓝绿空间健康效益的人人享
有与均衡分配 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 城市蓝绿空间 公众健康 健康城市 进展 |
| DOI：10.19775/j.cla.2025.01.0039 |
| 投稿时间：2023-11-17修订日期：2024-06-25 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(32471941，32301649) |
|
| Progress and Prospects of Research on the Health-Promoting Effect of Urban Blue-Green Space |
| ZHAO Bing,LI Hongyi, ZHANG,Jinguang |
| Abstract: |
| Urban blue-green spaces refer to the integration of water bodies and green
vegetation within urban areas, which have multifaceted effects on public health
promotion. Research on urban blue-green spaces and public health involves multiple
disciplines, and the differences in cognitive contexts among these disciplines have led
to a diversity of research approaches, paradigms, and methods. However, previous
systematic reviews and scoping reviews have primarily focused on summarizing
knowledge within specialized subfields, offering limited forward-looking insights
to guide the development of the field. This paper reviews research progress by
focusing on three categories of scientific issues involved in the field: health promotion
mechanisms, health response patterns, and optimization of health performance.
By tracing these issues, this paper aims to provide a reference for clarifying future
research directions, emphasizing key areas for future research and laying the
foundation for advancing the field. Health promotion mechanisms focus on the
internal causes and logical processes that generate effects related to health promotion.
Key issues include: 1) Coupling relationships of bio-psycho-social pathways, Urban
blue-green spaces influence public health through multiple pathways, including air
quality, physical activity, social cohesion, and stress reduction. Most existing research
focuses on a single or a few pathways, neglecting the coupling mechanisms between
them. This paper emphasizes the importance of studying the synergistic effects of
these pathways. Understanding how these pathways interact can provide a more
comprehensive view of the health benefits of blue-green spaces and inform integrated
health promotion strategies. 2) Causal associations between urban blue-green spaces
and health promotion effects. Environmental epidemiological studies often use crosssectional
surveys, which makes causal inference difficult due to reverse causality and
selection bias. Future research should conduct randomized controlled trials, quasiexperimental
studies, and longitudinal cohort studies to enhance causal explanations
and identify key mediators and moderators. Health response patterns refer to the
impact effects and translation processes of urban blue-green spaces on health
outcomes. Key issues include: 1) Precise measurement of exposure levels in uncertain
geographic contexts. Assessing health promotion effects requires precise exposure
level measurements. However, individual geographic randomness and dynamism pose
challenges to accurate measurement. Methods like location services, mobile phone
signaling, and social media data can capture actual exposure, refining the blue-green
space-health impact mechanisms. 2) Dose-response relationships between exposure
levels and health benefits. Previous studies often use linear regression models, which
fail to capture complex real-world relationships. The dose-response relationship
may be nonlinear, with optimal thresholds. Further exploration of spatiotemporal
cumulative effects is needed to refine green prescriptions. 3) Conversion logic and
driving factors of exposure opportunities, contact behaviors, and health promotion
effects. Urban greening increases exposure opportunities but does not necessarily
lead to more frequent or deeper natural contact. Nature connectedness (emotional
attachment to nature) is a key mediator; more natural contact enhances connectedness,
promoting mental health. The relationship between exposure opportunities and
contact behaviors requires systematic research, considering both external and internal
mechanisms. Health performance optimization focuses on health performanceoriented
urban blue-green space planning and regulation goals, as well as intervention
paths. Key issues include: 1) Key indicator regulatory standards for promoting
allocation justice. Uneven health benefits from urban blue-green spaces can deprive
certain groups of their rights to health. Achieving allocation justice requires addressing
spatial variations in exposure levels and identifying key exposure indicators to
establish regulatory standards. Future research should cover multi-dimensional
exposure assessment indicators and determine the contribution of each indicator to
health outcomes. Based on this, it is necessary to further define the reference intervals
for key indicators and develop multi-level regulatory standards to promote the fair
distribution of blue-green spaces. 2) The regulatory mechanisms of urban blue-green
space planning and design. Planning and design should focus on the "interventionexposure"
relationship, encompassing the monitoring of exposure levels, evaluation of
intervention effects, and expansion of the evidence base to establish an evidence-based
explanation-action framework. Different intensity planning and design interventions
should be matched based on gaps between exposure measurements and threshold
standards to optimize resource allocation and achieve smart growth in healthy cities.
Based on the review, this study highlights several important issues for future research:
1) Cross-media "green prescriptions". Converting the health promotion potential of
urban blue-green spaces into practical effects through multifaceted and multimedia
exposure modes is urgent. Both real-world and virtual media can enhance individuals'
connection to nature. A cross-media approach should explore virtual-reality "green
prescriptions", leveraging synergistic health promotion effects. Integrating virtual and
real-world experiences can maximize the health benefits of blue-green spaces. 2) The
application of generative artificial intelligence in planning and design. Generative
artificial intelligence can address convergence and divergence issues in healthy green
space planning and design, enables the provision of precise reference values for
exposure indicators and facilitates the generation of multiple planning solutions to
assess health promotion effects. 3) Landscape therapy services and support systems.
Urban blue-green spaces are crucial for enhancing public health. Constructing
comprehensive landscape therapy models covering all periods, areas, and aspects,
along with support systems, is essential. The ultimate goal is to promote equitable
distribution, ensuring all people benefit from the high-quality development of modern
cities. |
| Key words: landscape architecture urban blue-green space public health healthy
city progress |
