| 摘要: |
| 关中地区旱涝共存，先民兴修水利，发展传统农业
景观，然而这种地域特征正在消失。基于水利史研究视角，结
合风景园林与历史地理学研究方法，分析了关中水利建设和农
业景观变迁的关系。介绍了关中水利建设的背景，回顾了水利
建设的历史沿革，并概括为2个高峰6个阶段；从灌溉、防灾、
漕运与城市供水4个方面分析水利对农业景观的影响，进而总
结先民为开发农业采取的水环境措施，即以水定农、引水防
旱、疏水排涝和用水有度，之后为农业景观的保护提出建议。
关中形成了独特的“防旱排涝”水利建设目标和“漕灌兼顾”
的水资源分配方式，体现了适应自然的传统智慧，为西北干旱
区农业景观的保护与研究提供了一个新视角 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 农业景观 水利 国土景观 关中 |
| DOI：10.19775/j.cla.2024.11.0124 |
| 投稿时间：2023-08-31修订日期：2024-03-05 |
| 基金项目:自然资源部国土空间规划体系重大课题
(TC2101050/10) |
|
| Drought and Flood Control, Water Transport, andIrrigation: Changes and Prospects of AgriculturalLandscape in Guanzhong from the Perspective ofWater Conservancy History |
| XIE Mingwei,ZHOU Huidi,CHEN Song,WANG Xiangrong |
| Abstract: |
| Drought and flood coexist in Guanzhong (the central
Shaanxi plain), and the ancestors developed traditional agricultural
landscapes through the construction of water conservancy. However,
this regional characteristic is disappearing. Based on water
conservancy history, combined with landscape architecture and
historical geography methods, this paper analyzes the relationship
between water conservancy construction and agricultural landscape
changes in Guanzhong. The background of water conservancy
construction was introduced, the history of water conservancy
construction was reviewed, and summarized into 2 peaks and 6
stages; the impact of water conservancy on agricultural landscapes
was analyzed from 4 aspects: irrigation, disaster prevention, water
transportation, and urban water supply. Then, the water environment
measures taken by the ancestors for the development of agriculture
were summarized. Suggestions were made for the protection of
agricultural landscapes. Guanzhong has formed a unique water
conservancy construction goal of "drought prevention and drainage"
and a water resource allocation method of "considering both water
and irrigation", reflecting the traditional wisdom of adapting to
nature. Provide a new perspective for the protection and research of
agricultural landscapes in the northwest arid region. |
| Key words: landscape architecture agricultural landscape water
conservancy territorial landscape Guanzhong |
