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“人境场系原理”述要——人境互动三场系耦合机理研究
刘滨谊
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作者简介:刘滨谊 1957年生/男/辽宁法库人/博士/第八届国务院学位委员会风景园 林学科评议组召集人/澳门科技大学特聘教授、人文艺术学院建筑 学与设计学博士生导师/同济大学风景园林学科专业委员会主任, 风景科学研究所所长,风景园林学博士生导师/研究方向为人居 环境学、景观感应分析评价、风景园林小气候、城乡绿地系统规 划、公园城市理论与实践等/本刊副主编(上海 200092)
摘要:
:“人境场系原理”传承冯纪忠、吴良镛等学者的人居思想理论,展开人与自然互动的人境关系基础性研究,旨在发现人居环境的成因元素,探索其相互 间作用与量化关系规律。研究“人境”哲学的本体论、认识论、实践论,构建人居哲学基础,探源人类个体设计感、娱乐感、意义感的人境起因;以“场系”将人 境互动的元素、要素、因素及其关系、作用机制、运行规律等从哲学认识、科学知识与人类感性3条线索予以识别、推理、判断和评价。为此,初步建立了由9个元 素、27个要素组成的人境三场系。1)“境场系”——人境客观体:宇宙供给生命环境生存/人居生命存在所需的①能量、②信息、③物质/时空;2)“人场系”—— 人境主观体:人居生命个体对于生存环境/人类个体环境生存所需的④感受、⑤认知、⑥应对;3)“人居场系”——人境客观体与主观体的合一体:自然与人居生 命群体社会组成/人类群体环境生存所需的⑦人居背景、⑧人居活动、⑨人居营造。发现人境场系是流动变化的,三场系不仅各自在流动变化,并且通过相互间的传 输、交流、流变,形成了三场系之间相互耦合的机制原理:3个流变、2个转移跃迁、1个理想终极。进而,论述了“三场系”设计的“中心”、规划的“边界”、 演进的动向、富有的地方性,并简述了长三角水网地区的若干研究。人境场系原理的初步研究结果,深化了人居环境发展第一性规律的研究,为人居环境学及相关 学科提供了共享的理论基础和研究框架,推进了人居的跨学科研究,为自下而上地指引城市、乡村、原野等人居环境的人居规划设计开辟了一条道路。
关键词:  风景园林  人居环境  人境  人境互动  人境场  人境场系  地方性  人居规划设计
DOI:10.19775/j.cla.2025.07.0013
投稿时间:2025-04-10修订日期:2025-05-08
基金项目:国家自然科学基金重点项目(52130804)
"Principle of Human-Environment Field System": Research on the Coupling Mechanism of Human-Situational Interaction Three-Field System
LIU Binyi
Abstract:
Inheriting the human settlement theories of scholars such as Feng Jizhong and Wu Liangyong, this study conducts fundamental research on the human-environment relationship of the interaction between humans and nature, aiming to identify the causal elements of human settlements and explore the laws of interaction and quantitative relationships among them. It studies the ontology, epistemology, and practical theory of "human-environment" philosophy, constructs the foundation of human settlement philosophy, and traces the human-environment origins of human individuals' sense of design, entertainment, and meaning. Using the "field system", it identifies, reasons, judges, and evaluates the elements, factors, relationships, action mechanisms, and operational laws of human-environment interaction through three threads: philosophical understanding, scientific knowledge, and human perception. To this end, a scientific hypothesis of the human-environment field system is proposed, unifying human-environment philosophy and science into one system. It establishes the environment field system, human field system, and human-environment field system with "energy", "human perception", and "human settlement" as the core respectively, and discovers that the three field systems are heterogeneously isomorphic, with the characteristics of fluid change and spatiotemporal transition, forming the mechanism principle of mutual coupling among the three field systems: three rheological changes (流变), two transfer transitions, and one ideal ultimate. The research results show that the significance of human settlement planning and design lies in determining the "center" of the three field systems design, the "boundary" of planning, the trend of evolution, and the rich locality. As partial empirical evidence of the research, this paper briefly describes several studies in the water network area of the Yangtze River Delta to reveal the dynamic evolution mechanism of human settlement locality. The consciousness, concepts, and theoretical origins of constructing the principle of the humanenvironment field system stem from human-environment and human settlement experiences. The starting point of such experiences is the long-standing and future-significant human senses of design, entertainment, and meaning. From the senses of design, entertainment, and meaning in human settlements to the senses of security, gain, and happiness, there is an inevitable multiple correlation between the former motivations and the latter goals. The three veins of humanenvironment development inspired by these dual sets of three senses provide the ideological, conceptual, and theoretical sources for the human-environment field system, serving as the cornerstone of its theory that encompasses human settlement philosophy, science, and futurology. The human-environment field system consists of three field systems and nine elements: 1) Environment Field System – the objective human-environment entity: ① Energy, ② Information, ③ Space-time provided by the universe for the survival of life environments and the existence of human settlements. 2) Human Field System – the subjective human-environment entity: ④ Feelings, ⑤ Cognition, ⑥ Coping mechanisms required by individual human settlement lives for their living environments or by human individuals for environmental survival. 3) Human Settlement Field System – the integrated entity of objective and subjective human-environment entities: ⑦ Human settlement backgrounds, ⑧ Human settlement activities, and ⑨ Human settlement construction required for the composition of natural and human settlement life community societies or the environmental survival of human groups. Each of the nine elements contains three sub-elements, totaling 27 elements. The human-environment field system is fluid and dynamic. The three field systems not only change dynamically individually but also achieve coupled interaction through mutual transmission, exchange, and flow. China's landscape composition and garden creation can be regarded as a model of action based on this fluidity, serving as the origin of traditional Chinese architectural construction, urban-rural site selection and development, and human settlement evolution. In summary, the "principle of human-environment field system" takes the discovery of the fundamental laws of human settlement environment development as its overall goal, striving to provide a shared theoretical foundation and research framework for human settlement science and related disciplines, achieve interdisciplinary research and development of human settlements, and guide the human settlement planning and design of urban, rural, wilderness and other human settlements from the bottom up in terms of concepts and strategies.
Key words:  landscape architecture  human settlement environment  humanenvironment  human-environment interaction  human-environment field relationship  human field relationship  locality  human settlement planning and design

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