| 摘要: |
| 古代岭南州府城市近郊风景是当地民众人居环境的重要组成部分，教化民众是其基本功能与属性。至今这些城郊风景作为城市名胜风景区，仍是市民生
活的主要公共空间和城市文化传播的重要载体。在反思以往精英视角的风景研究和借鉴教化研究成果的基础上，指出古代风景教化基本内涵和研究的日常生活史视
野。基于日常生活理论将古代岭南州府城郊风景的教化载体类型划分为“自然实践对象”“社会活动场所”和“艺术传播媒介”3种基本类型，总结和阐释了古代
岭南州府城郊风景教化载体的渔樵山水、儒释道交融和形式综合的基本特征。有助于加深理解古代风景与民众日常生活的关系和风景实现教化功能的基础，为现代
城市风景名胜的环境教育和文化传播提供了宝贵的历史经验和理论参考 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 风景园林史 古代风景 岭南 风景教化 日常生活 民众 |
| DOI：10.19775/j.cla.2025.03.0146 |
| 投稿时间：2023-10-27修订日期：2024-04-18 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(51978272) |
|
| Types and Characteristics of Landscape Edification Carriers in Ancient Lingnan Prefecture SuburbanAreas: A Perspective from Everyday Life History Theory |
| FENG Huicheng,,TANG Xiaoxiang*,,SU Yixuan |
| Abstract: |
| In ancient Lingnan prefectures, suburban landscapes not only formed
a crucial environment for the daily lives of local residents but also played a key
role in public edification. These landscapes continue to be central public spaces
in urban life, serving as vital mediums for the dissemination of city culture. This
study reevaluates previous elite-focused approaches to landscape research and
integrates results from edification studies, defining the essence of landscape
edification and adopting a research perspective based on the history of everyday
life. By integrating landscape classification methods that focus on host-guest
interactions with theories of everyday life, the study categorizes the landscape
edification carriers in the suburban areas of ancient Lingnan prefecture into
natural practice objects, social activity venues, and artistic communication
media. The research conducts a thorough analysis of ancient historical records,
local gazetteers, and landscape treatises, meticulously reconstructing the
material characteristics of ancient landscapes from environmental and locational
aspects to their elemental details, and exploring their interactions with the daily
lives of the populace. This analysis not only focuses on the historical interactions
between landscape material entities and the people but also considers the
historical backdrop of social development in the Lingnan area, encompassing
both objective descriptions of landscape physical forms and subjective
interpretations by the people. Regarding natural practice objects, the integration
of landscape resources into agricultural production and livelihood practices has
formed typical "fishermen, woodcutters, and hermits" characteristics. These
features are deeply rooted in the natural conditions of the Lingnan region and are
closely related to southward migration, urban formation, and natural resource
development. The rivers of the Pearl River basin, which were the main migration
routes and settlement environments of ancestors, have formed regional placename
legends that spread in daily life, carrying historical memories of ethnic
migration and urban construction. Suburban landscape resources provide
essential sites and resources for local urban construction and people's survival,
with the transmission of agricultural knowledge and techniques being a
fundamental pathway for ancient edification, reflecting not only the producer's
identification with the self-sufficient smallholder lifestyle but also forming the
cornerstone of social operation. In terms of social activity venues, the blending
and evolution of Confucian, Buddhist, and Daoist educational sites reflect
the gradual domination of the Central Plains dynasty over Lingnan and the
transition from passive worship to active participation in local social construction
by the populace. Buddhism and Daoism took root in Lingnan earlier than
Confucianism, with their religious educational sites often chosen for their superior
geographical locations in suburban areas, profoundly influencing local values.
The strengthening control of the Central Plains dynasty and the enhancement
of urban functions have made suburban scenic spots and urban public facilities
together constitute a complete social functional system. Confucian educational
sites such as academies and famous official temples show the dominant role of
Confucian culture in society, through rituals, education, and the civil examination
system, enabling ordinary people to improve their social status and actively
participate in social management, making academies and temples important
places for folk cultural identification and social status enhancement. Regarding
artistic communication media, textual media such as local gazetteers and
landscape treatises, represented by the "Eight Views", convey the aesthetics
and values of the literati to the broader populace through traditional arts such
as painting and poetry. Local maps and panoramic views of landscapes provide
a direct experience of suburban scenery, while detailed depictions of the Eight
Famous Views illustrate scenes of natural landscapes, productive practices,
and religious sites. Poems and illustrations related to the "Eight Views" of the
West Lake complement each other, offering the public a way to enjoy natural
beauty from the texts. This mode of representation not only showcases the
literati's reverence for nature and the pursuit of an ideal society but also reflects
the common people's aspirations for a good life and values. This study not only
deepens the understanding of the relationship between ancient landscapes and
the daily lives of the people but also elucidates the layered and interactive nature
of landscape education across natural, social, and artistic dimensions, providing
historical experience and theoretical reference for the cultural dissemination,
public education, and planning of modern urban scenic spots. |
| Key words: landscape architecture landscape architecture history ancient
landscape Lingnan landscape edification everyday life common people |
