| 摘要: |
| 城市绿地能够为城市提供重要的生态系统服务功
能。鸟类作为城市生态系统的重要指示物种，了解影响鸟类群
落多样性的城市绿地特征对于指导城市绿地规划和提升城市生
物多样性有重要意义。然而，多种城市绿地特征如何共同影响
鸟类多样性尚不完全明确。选取重庆市悦来国际会展城为研究
区域，采用样点法调查了49个绿地样地4个季节的鸟类资源数
据，并获取了样地的植被特征、环境特征及人为干扰特征等19
个城市绿地特征。使用广义线性模型、信息论模型选择及差异
性分析方法探析了城市绿地特征对鸟类α多样性的影响，阐述
了研究区鸟类α多样性的基本特征。结果显示：乔木层盖度、
乔木丰富度、灌木层盖度、灌木多度、草本层盖度、草本层多
样性、植被生境类型、环境噪声、距建设用地距离等因素对鸟
类α多样性有显著影响。鸟类α多样性特征在不同植被生境类
型及季节之间存在显著差异。麻竹生境的鸟类多度显著低于其
余多种生境，冬季鸟类α多样性指标偏低。在城市绿地的建设
中，根据显著影响鸟类的各种城市绿地特征，提出增强鸟类α
多样性的针对性建议，如控制乔木盖度，补充灌木层，以乡土
食源树种作为植被生境中的优势种，对冬季休眠植被进行分区
保留管理等。研究结果可以为地区城市生物多样性保护及城市
生态系统优化提供重要参考。 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 城市绿地 生物多样性 鸟类α多样
性 鸟类群落 影响因素 |
| DOI：10.19775/j.cla.2024.07.0111 |
| 投稿时间：2022-12-03修订日期：2023-12-30 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目(52178058)；西南大
学校地合作项目(2021001278) |
|
| Bird Diversity Characteristics and InfluencingFactors of Urban Green Spaces in Chongqing: ACase Study of Yuelai International Exhibition City |
| LIAO Zhongtang,PENG Ziyue,LIU Jialin |
| Abstract: |
| Urban green space can provide essential ecosystem services
for cities. As birds are important indicator species of urban ecosystem,
understanding the features of urban green space that affect the diversity
of bird communities is of great significance for guiding urban green
space planning and improving urban biodiversity. However, the
combined effects of multiple urban green space attributes on bird
diversity are not yet fully understood. In this study, Yuelai International
Exhibition City in Chongqing was chosen as the study area. Bird
data was collected from 49 green space sites across four seasons
using point sampling methods. Additionally, 19 urban green space
characteristics, including vegetation features, environmental features,
and human disturbances, were recorded for each site. This study
utilized generalized linear models, information theory-based model
selection, and difference analysis to explore the influence of urban
green space characteristics on bird alpha diversity. The fundamental
characteristics of bird alpha diversity in the study area were elucidated.
The results indicated that factors such as tree coverage, tree richness,
shrub coverage, shrub abundance, herbaceous coverage, herbaceous
diversity, vegetation habitat type, environmental noise, and distance
from construction areas significantly influenced bird alpha diversity.
Significant differences in bird alpha diversity were observed among
different vegetation habitat types and seasons. Birds' abundance in
bamboo habitats was significantly lower compared to other habitat
types, and bird alpha diversity indicators were relatively low during
the winter season. To enhance bird alpha diversity in urban green
spaces, specific recommendations based on various characteristics that
significantly affect birds' alpha diversity should be considered. These
include controlling the tree coverage, augmenting the shrub layer,
prioritizing native food-source tree species as dominant vegetation, and
implementing zoned conservation management for dormant vegetation
during winter. The results can contribute to the protection of regional
urban biodiversity and provide important references to optimizing
urban ecosystems. |
| Key words: landscape architecture urban green space biodiversity bird alpha diversity bird community influencing factor |
