| 摘要: |
| 快速城市化阶段，流域城市对生态系统服务的需求
与日俱增，生态系统服务供需失衡加剧，厘清及优化流域城市
生态系统服务的供需关系对于流域生态保护与经济发展的协同
具有重要意义。以长江下游最大支流——青弋江所贯穿的安徽
省泾县为例，运用生态系统服务空间定量评估方法，测算固碳
释氧、水文调蓄、土壤保持、生境支持、粮食生产、休闲游憩
6种关键生态系统服务的供需水平；通过四象限法，判定供需
关系并辨明平衡、赤字、盈余3类区域；以供需平衡为目标，
基于“保护平衡区与赤字区，开发盈余区”的策略设定用地情
景，利用CA-Markov模型获取供需约束的生态空间布局。结
果表明：1)生态系统服务供给的分布以高质量生态要素为基
底，呈南高北低态势，需求分布与人类活动集中区较吻合，在
县域中部和南部突出；2)研究区供需关系整体匹配，平衡区占
比最大，盈余区其次，赤字区最小；3)供需约束情景在非生
态空间向生态空间转入上表现较好，能增加林地、水域、草地
3类重要生态资源的存量，且在形态上可维护大型生态斑块的
完整性并引导城镇空间走向紧凑；4)依据供需关系设定的生态
保护空间与生态保护红线在平衡区较一致，但在盈余区与赤字
区，后者出现“开天窗”式的管控缺口，使青弋江破碎，而前
者未有该现象。 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 生态系统服务供需 流域城市 生态空
间 情景模拟 青弋江 |
| DOI：10.19775/j.cla.2024.07.0104 |
| 投稿时间：2023-05-01修订日期：2023-08-07 |
| 基金项目:浙江省自然科学基金项目(LQ22E080007)；国家
自然科学基金项目(52308083) |
|
| Ecological Space Optimization in River BasinCity Based on Ecosystem Service Supply andDemand: A Case Study of Jing Country Section ofQingyi River Basin |
| MA Qiwei,XIA Zhaoxuan,XU Lihua,CHENG Mingjun |
| Abstract: |
| In the rapid urbanization phase, the demand for ecosystem
service in river basin cities has been increasing, exacerbating the imbalance
between ecosystem service supply and demand. Clarifying and optimizing
the ecosystem service supply-demand relationship in river basin cities is
of great significance for achieving synergies between regional ecological
conservation and economic development. Taking Jing County, traversed
by Qingyi River, the largest tributary of the lower Yangtze River, as an
example, this study applied an ecosystem service spatial quantitative
assessment method to measure six key ecosystem services supply-demand
levels: carbon sequestration and oxygen release, rainwater retention, soil
conservation, biodiversity, food production, and recreational activities. By
using the quadrant model, the ecosystem service supply-demand relationship
was determined, and the region was classified into three categories: balance,
deficit, and surplus. With the goal of supply-demand balance, land-use
scenario was set based on the strategy of "conserving balanced and deficit
areas while developing surplus areas". The CA-Markov model was employed
to obtain the ecological spatial layout under supply-demand constraint. The
results indicate: 1) The distribution of ecosystem service supply relies on
high-quality ecological elements and shows a trend of being higher in the
south and lower in the north. The distribution of ecosystem service demand
aligns relatively well with areas of human activity, particularly in the central
and southern parts of the county. 2) The overall ecosystem service supplydemand
relationship is relatively balanced, with the largest proportion in
the balanced category, followed by the surplus category, and a smaller
proportion in the deficit category. 3) The supply-demand constraint scenario
demonstrates a favorable transition from non-ecological to ecological
space, allowing for an expansion of important ecological resources such as
forests, water bodies, and grasslands. It also maintains the integrity of large
ecological patches and guides urban areas towards compactness. 4) The
designated ecological conservation space and ecological conservation red
line based on the supply-demand relationship align well in the balanced
area. However, in the surplus and deficit areas, the latter exhibits a control
gap known as the "skylight" phenomenon, leading to fragmentation in
Qingyi River, which has not been observed in the former. |
| Key words: landscape architecture ecosystem service supply and demand river basin city ecological space scenario simulation Qingyi River |
