| 摘要: |
| 作为在道教名山风景范式成熟下发展鼎盛的道教名
山，如何融合区域及山岳特色达到范式的在地化转换？为探究这
一问题，选取鼎盛于明中期且具有独特区域文化特征、山岳自然
特征的安徽齐云山为研究对象，利用古今图文资料进行特定背景
下的名山在地化风景营建分析。结果表明：1)齐云山的规划布
局充分体现了道教名山成熟风景范式下的“天路历程”时代特
征，但也存在“九里十三亭”这类特殊地段，同时还因山岳较武
当山、泰山等海拔较低而更倾向于通过横向逶迤布置不同空间序
列及山体断裂抬升等来达到“天路”意境；2)在地域习俗及山
岳特色地质地貌的影响下，齐云山将范式内的具体景观空间进
行了较为明显的在地化，世俗空间以依山势连续有规律构建的
名山建设孤例“九里十三亭”和居高临崖、民商融合的中国道
教第一村“月华天街”为主，承担世俗服务功能的同时也强化
了山岳的神圣性；神圣空间除道教名山一般具有的从“无”到
“有”营建的宫观祠庵外，主要包括自然地景神圣化后形成的3
类廊道式丹霞洞穴圣所和各类峰石神物，着重利用从“自然场
所”到“自然圣所”的空间转换来实现宗教功能。 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 道教名山 风景范式 安徽齐云山 规划布局 景观空间 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目: |
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| Research on the Construction of Urban Green OpenSpace System Based on the Landscape AestheticsService Mapping: A Case Study of Xinwan District inFushun County |
| ZHAO Ke,XIA Qingqing |
| Abstract: |
| As a famous Taoist mountain with its prosperous
development under the mature landscape paradigm of Taoist famous
mountains, how to integrate regional and mountain characteristics
to achieve the localization of the landscape paradigm? To explore
this question, this paper selects Mount Qiyun in Anhui Province,
which reached its peak in the middle Ming Dynasty and has unique
regional cultural and natural characteristics, as the research object.
And Ancient and modern files and pictures are used to analyze the
construction of famous mountains in a specific context. The results
show that: 1) Mount Qiyun's planning and layout fully reflect the era
characteristics of the "pilgrim' progress" under the mature landscape
paradigm of Taoist famous mountain, but there are also special areas
such as "Thirteen pavilions", and at the same time, because of its
low altitude, it is more inclined to achieve the artistic conception
of "pilgrim's progress" by arranging different spatial sequences and
mountain faults and uplifting. 2) Under the influence of regional
customs and the unique mountain physiognomy, Mount Qiyun
has significantly localized the specific landscape space within the
paradigm. The secular space mainly includes the isolated example of
the famous mountain construction "nine mile and thirteen pavilions"
built in accordance with the mountain pattern continuously and
regularly, and the Chinese No.1 Taoist village "Yuehua Street"
which is located high and near the cliff and integrates the dwellings
and store. While undertaking the secular service function, it also
strengthens the sanctity of the mountain. In addition to the buildings
artificially constructed from scratch are commonly found in famous
Taoist mountains, the sacred space mainly includes three types of
corridor style Danxia cave sanctuary and various types of sacred peak
and rock formed after the natural landscape is sanctified, emphatically
using the spatial transformation from "natural place" to "natural
sanctuary" to realize religious functions. |
| Key words: landscape architecture famous Taoist mountain landscape paradigm Mount Qiyun in Anhui Province planning
layout landscape space |
