| 摘要: |
| 当前，对城市森林公园美景度影响因素的体系构建
及要素量化还处于探索阶段，对访客群体差异性及其机理研究
不足。以南昌市瑶湖郊野森林公园为例进行景观美景度研究，
对上述问题进行了深入分析，为城市森林公园景观设计质量提
升提供科学依据。分层选取4种类型40个景观样本，分别进行
大众群体评价和设计要素细分。以正态分位数法计算每个样本
的美景度值(SBE)。采取逐步回归分析法和最佳子集分析法，
分别建立美景度值和影响因子的评价模型，结果如下。1)从类
别看，美景度排序为：道路景观＞建筑及小品景观＞水体景
观＞植被景观。2)10个评价因子均与景观美景度显著相关，
其中“设施协调感”关联性最强。3)评价因子对美景度的影响
程度排序为：设施协调感＞空间尺度感＞场景均衡性＞画面联
想性＞景观主从性＞形式统一感。4)不同性别群体对比，女性
评价均值高于男性，离散系数低于男性。5)不同居住地和受教
育程度对景观审美均产生影响。结论表明，公园环境美景度与
研究所界定的景观设计评价因子有直接关联，但不同的评价因
子对美景度的影响程度不同。6个评价因子对环境营造和设计
方法有着直接的启示意义。通过逐步回归和自动线性建模2种
方式分析，应充分重视设施协调感、空间尺度感对主要受众群
体美景度感受的显著影响。对离散系数和均值的分析显示了不
同性别、居住区域及学历群体的审美差异。 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 美景度 景观评价 森林公园 南昌 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目: |
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| Scenic Beauty Evaluation and Influencing FactorsAnalysis of Urban Forest Parks |
| ZHANG Wen,WANG Weifeng,YANG Jianjun |
| Abstract: |
| Currently, the construction of a comprehensive framework
and the quantification of factors influencing the scenic beauty of urban
forest parks are still in the exploratory stage. There is a lack of research
on visitor heterogeneity and its underlying mechanisms. This study
focuses on Yao Lake Suburban Forest Park in Nanchang City to conduct
an in-depth analysis of scenic beauty, addressing the aforementioned
issues. The findings aim to provide a scientific basis for enhancing
the quality of landscape design in urban forest parks. Forty landscape
samples, classified into four types, were selected through stratified
sampling. Public evaluations and detailed assessment of design elements
were conducted. The Scenic Beauty Evaluation (SBE) value for each
sample was calculated using the normal quantile method. Stepwise
regression analysis and best subset analysis were employed to establish
evaluation models for the scenic beauty values and influencing factors.
The results include: 1) In terms of categories, the ranking of scenic
beauty is as follows: road landscapes > architectural and sculptural
landscapes > water landscapes > vegetation landscapes. 2) All ten
evaluation factors exhibit a significant correlation with scenic beauty,
with the strongest association observed for "facilities coordination".
3) The influencing factors on scenic beauty are ranked as follows: facilities
coordination > spatial scale perception > scene balance > pictorial association >
landscape hierarchy > formal unity. 4) When comparing different gender
groups, females tend to provide higher average evaluation scores than
males, with lower variability in their responses. 5) Place of residence and
education level have an impact on landscape aesthetics. The conclusion
shows that the aesthetic appeal of park environments is directly linked
to the landscape design evaluation factors defined by existing research;
however, the degree of influence varies among different factors. Six
evaluation factors provide direct insights into environmental creation and
design approaches. Through stepwise regression and automatic linear
modeling analyses, significant attention should be given to the impact of
facilities coordination and spatial scale perception on the perceived scenic
beauty by the primary target audience. The analysis of variability and
mean scores highlights aesthetic differences among genders, residential
areas, and educational backgrounds. |
| Key words: landscape architecture scenic beauty landscape
evaluation forest park Nanchang |
