| 摘要: |
| 研究利用Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes
Model与Revised Drift Flux Model模拟分析了居住区室外
开敞空间中PM2.5、PM10浓度的时空分布，利用行为制图建立
场地中居民活动与PM2.5、PM10浓度分布的时空映射，并依据
世界卫生组织的空气质量标准(IT-1)评估了典型场地中居民
活动的暴露风险。结果表明：1)居住区室外开敞空间居民访问
的主要时段是10：30—12：30及15：00—18：00，其活动
范围集中在基础设施附近的热点区域；2)倾斜风向下，4个典
型活动场地的PM2.5、PM10浓度更高，位于居住区边缘的场地
更容易暴露于较高的浓度中。由植物围合的铺装场地容易富集
颗粒物，提升了场地内的PM2.5、PM10浓度；3)场地热点平均
浓度指标可用于准确评估居民室外开敞空间暴露的风险(R2
＞
0.99)。研究结果为公共健康视角下居住区室外开敞空间景观
设计提供了理论依据与设计思路。 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 公共健康 居住区 PM10和PM2.5 行为制图 数值模拟 |
| DOI： |
|
| 基金项目: |
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| Spatio-temporal Distribution Characteristics of PM2.5 and PM10 and Residents' Exposure Risk Assessment in Residential Outdoor Open Spaces |
| JIANG Runsheng,HONG Bo |
| Abstract: |
| Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes Model and Revised
Drift Flux Model were used to simulate and analyze the spatiotemporal distributions of PM2.5 and PM10 in outdoor open space
of residential areas. Behavioral mapping was used to establish the
spatio-temporal mapping of residents' activities and PM2.5 and PM10
concentration distribution in sites, and the exposure risk of residents
in sites was assessed according to the World Health Organization
Air Quality Standard (IT-1). The results show that: 1) The main time
period for residents to visit the outdoor open space in residential
areas is 10:30-12:30 and 15:00-18:00, and their activities are
concentrated in the hot spots near the infrastructure. 2) Under the
inclined wind direction, PM2.5 and PM10 in the four typical activity
sites are higher. Sites located on the edge of residential areas are
more likely to be exposed to higher concentrations. The pavement
site surrounded by plants is easy to enrich particulate matter, which
increases PM2.5 and PM10 in sites. 3) The average concentration
index of hot spots can be used to accurately assess the risk of
residents in outdoor open space exposure (R2
>0.99). The results
provide theoretical basis and design strategies for landscape design
of outdoor open space in residential areas from the perspective of
public health. |
| Key words: landscape architecture public health residential
district PM10 and PM2.5 behavioral mapping numerical simulation |
