| 摘要: |
| 针对长三角地区城市浅水湖泊面临景观水体污染物
易于富集、难于扩散、水质较难保障的现实困境，阐述了以学
科融合为基础的水体污染物扩散模拟与循证设计，提出地形作
为水体形态的骨架对水动力条件的形成、湖泊水环境的改善起
到关键性作用。以常熟市琴湖为例，基于湖岸线、湖底地形、
岛屿、堤坝等要素，提出2种平面形态和6种三维形态，通过
Delft3D模型模拟的方法，分析比较不同三维形态下的流场特
征，并输入实测数据得到20天后湖泊水深平均流速与污染物
总氮(TN)扩散模拟结果。研究发现：1)湖泊岸线与湖底地形
变化通过流场影响污染物扩散；2)曲折度较大的岸线应尽量安
排在水流的主方向上；3)岛屿设计应体量适宜、与岸线距离合
适；4)长堤割裂湖体形态时，建议堤坝下部设置连通管道。研
究有助于筛选对水质保持有利的设计方案，也可为城市湖泊景
观水体的循证设计提供一定的技术支撑与参考。 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 城市湖泊 景观水体 三维形态 Delft3D 污染物扩散模拟 水生态 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目: |
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| Evidence-based Design for Three-Dimensional Form of Landscape Water Body of Urban Lake via Delft3D Pollutant Diffusion Simulation |
| WANG Jieqiong,CHEN Yi,MAO Yongqing,WANG Min |
| Abstract: |
| : In response to the existing difficulty of the accumulation
of pollutants and the maintenance of water quality in the shallow
lakes in the Yangtze River Delta, this research clarified that the
diffusion stimulation of water pollutants and evidence-based
design based on inter-discipline, and proposed the critical role of
terrain grading that shapes the configuration of water in influencing
hydrodynamics and improving water environment of lakes. The
research selected the Qin Lake in Changshu as case study. Based
on the elements of the landform of lake bottom, shoreline, island
and causeway, this research proposed 2 types of two-dimensional
configurations and 6 types of three-dimensional configurations.
By using the Delft3D software model, this research analyzed and
compared different flow field characters, input the measurement
data of TN, and stimulated the depth-averaged velocity and the
pollutant diffusion after 20 days. This research found that: 1) the
changes of a lake’s shoreline and bottom terrain can influence the
pollutant diffusion via flow field; 2) more curvilinear shoreline
should be arranged align with the main direction of water flow;
3) island design should pay attention to suitable size and distance to
the shore; and 4) connection pipes should be set up in the bottom of
causeway if the causeway divides the lake into parts. This research
was beneficial to select better design alternative that helps water
quality maintenance, and provided technical support and reference
for the evidence-based design of landscape water of urban lakes. |
| Key words: landscape architecture urban lake landscape waterbody three-dimensional configuration Delft3D pollutant diffusion
simulation water ecology |
