| 摘要: |
| 洞天福地是道教的理想修行地，也是人居环境的理
想模型。依据历史影响力及现今建设现状，选取江西6处代表
性洞天福地进行实地调研，分析江西洞天福地在选址、理景两
方面所蕴含的独特景观营建智慧，得出：江西洞天福地一般位
于盆地，并以江西形势派风水理论为指引；绝大部分洞天福
地借鉴壶天仙境来营造仙界景观，整体空间布局模式为：山
门——“壶口”，道教建筑所在盆地——“壶腔”，沿山势曲
折上升的山道沟通内外，并呈现出“虚(水)实(山)结合”的
特点；植物配置具有浓重的道教色彩，且以常绿乡土古木为基
调，寓意万物共生；建筑营建深受“仙道意识”影响，仙境信
仰影响了建筑营建思想，仙灵信仰影响了建筑装饰艺术。通过
研究洞天福地所蕴含的道教哲学思想，总结出有益于现代社会
健康发展的积极处世观、生态发展观、养生观及物种保护观。 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 江西洞天福地 人居环境 选址 理
景手法 道教哲学思想 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目: |
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| Construction Wisdom of Jiangxi "Cavern ofHeaven and Place of Blessing |
| WU Hui,JIN Hexian |
| Abstract: |
| "Cavern of Heaven and Place of Blessing" is the
ideal dwelling place of Taoism, and also an ideal model for
human settlements. Based on the historical influence and current
construction status, six representative "Caverns of Heaven and
Places of Blessing" sites in jiangxi province were selected for
field investigation, the unique landscape construction wisdom in
two aspects of site and design ideas is analyzed. It concludes that:
Jiangxi "Caverns of Heaven and Places of Blessing" are generally
located in the valleys, with the Jiangxi geomancy as the guide; the
space layout refers to the heaven pot wonderland, the mountain
gate is "kettle mouth", the valley where the Taoist temple is
located is "kettle cavity", and the pilgrimage road connects them,
and this model presents the "virtual (water) and real (mountain)
combination" characteristic; the plant configuration penetrates
the Taoist thought, and the evergreen native ancient wood is the
keynote, and all things are symbiotic; the building construction
is deeply influenced by the "celestial being consciousness",
the wonderland belief influenced the thought of architectural
construction and the belief in faery influenced the art of architectural
decoration. Through the study of the Taoist philosophical thoughts
contained in the "Caverns of Heaven and Places of Blessing", the
positive living view, the ecological development view, the health
view, and the species conservation view are explored, which are
beneficial to the healthy development of modern society. |
| Key words: landscape architecture Jiangxi "Cavern of Heaven and
Place of Blessing" human settlement site landscape design idea Taoist philosophical thoughts |
