| 摘要: |
| 高密度城市中建筑、道路等设施的密集化加剧内涝风险，生态空间与防灾设施等的缺位导致韧性短板，风险与韧性长期存在空间错配。解析内涝风险与
防灾韧性的空间关联机制，对于建设海绵城市、提升城市安全韧性意义重大。既有研究多孤立解析内涝风险或韧性的单维度特征，对二者的空间耦合效应及失衡
机制研究不足。以高密度城市深圳为例，通过构建基于空间匹配的内涝“风险-韧性”评估框架，解析二者的空间分布差异，精准识别失衡关键区域，进而筛选出
优先干预的街道。结果表明：1)内涝风险与韧性存在空间分异，高风险区域通常具有人口、建筑和经济密度高等特点，高韧性区域则具备公共服务设施和基础设
施完善等特征；2)二者失衡现象明显，人口、建筑集中，公共服务设施、基础设施缺乏区域常表现为“高风险低韧性”，而经济密度较高、蓝绿基础设施占比高
的区域多表现为“低风险高韧性”；3)强调了在高风险低韧性失衡关键区与低风险低韧性区进行优先干预的重要性。研究结果可为高密度城市防洪韧性精细化评
价及内涝治理水平提升提供参考。 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 “风险-韧性”评估 城市韧性 内涝风险 关键区识别 深圳市 |
| DOI：10.19775/j.cla.2025.07.0062 |
| 投稿时间：2024-04-03修订日期：2024-10-30 |
| 基金项目:中国工程院战略研究与咨询项目(2022-JB-02)；深圳大学2035追求卓越研究计划(2022B005) |
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| Flood Resilience Assessment and Identification of Key Areas in High-density Cities under the "Risk-Resilience" Framework |
| WANG Chunxiao,,WANG Xuefei,,ZHANG Zhiqi,,YANG Xiaochun |
| Abstract: |
| The concentration of buildings, roads, and other facilities in areas
of high population density leads to a greater risk of flooding in cities, while the
absence of enough green spaces and proper flood prevention measures results
in a lack of ability to deal with such events, with these two problems often
being found in different parts of urban areas for long periods. The process of
making cities better able to handle heavy rains and flooding through the use of
sponge city methods and the improvement of overall safety depends greatly
on having a clear understanding of where flooding is most likely to happen and
how well different parts of the city can cope with such disasters, though most
research up to now has looked at only one of these aspects at a time instead
of studying how they work together and where they fail to match up in terms of
location. This study of Shenzhen, a city with very dense development, looks at
how different neighborhoods deal with flooding by creating a way to measure
both the risk of flooding and the ability to handle it based on where things are
located in the city, allowing for the identification of places where the danger of
flooding is high but the capacity to deal with it is low, followed by the selection
of which streets need attention first. What becomes clear from this work is that:
1) The parts of cities with many people, lots of business activity and closely
packed buildings that tend to be in city centers or fast-growing edge areas with
too much pavement and poor drainage face the highest risk of flooding, while
places with good public services, modern facilities and planned green areas
like parks and wetlands are much better prepared; 2) The mismatch between
flood risk and readiness to handle flooding is easy to see in older, crowded
neighborhoods with few services that have both high chances of flooding and
little ability to respond, compared to busy economic centers with plenty of green
spaces that have lower risks and better preparation, showing how resources
are often given more to helping business than to making sure all areas can deal
with floods; 3) The most important places to focus on are those with both high
flood risk and low ability to cope needing better drains, places to hold extra
water during storms and improved emergency plans, as well as areas that may
not flood much now but are not ready for future problems and need sponge
city features added during rebuilding and more connections between green
spaces. The method used brings together information about how land is used,
what buildings and services exist, and details about the people and economy
of different areas to measure both flood risk (looking at possible dangers, what
could be damaged, and how easily) and ability to handle floods (considering
strength against damage, ways to adapt, and speed of recovery), with a special
model showing how well or poorly these match up in different locations. This
research is useful for getting better at judging how crowded city areas can deal
with floods while also giving practical ideas for how to make flood control work
better by focusing on specific places and improving the right parts of the urban
environment. |
| Key words: landscape architecture "risk-resilience" assessment urban
resilience waterlogging risk identification of critical area Shenzhen |
