| 摘要: |
| 漕运作为古代中国大运河最重要的国家职能，历经千年形成了独特的漕运制度和运输体系，并深刻影响了沿运城镇的商贸发展与景观营建。以具有鲜明
漕运特色的淮扬运河区段为例，从漕运交通为主导的视角切入，通过“类型-特征”的双层面研究框架，首先梳理淮扬运河漕运交通的历史发展脉络，分层解析漕
运交通系统的运作机制和类型结构，进而探究漕运交通影响下淮扬沿运城镇景观生成过程与风貌特征，总结出“署宇秩立的漕运管理景观”和“商旅繁盛的港埠
交通景观”2类典型的漕运交通景观模式。旨在从新的视角系统挖掘阐释漕运交通对沿运城镇景观营建的影响规律，为大运河可持续保护发展与创造性转化利用注
入鲜明的漕运底色。 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 漕运 淮扬运河 沿运城镇 景观风貌 |
| DOI：10.19775/j.cla.2025.02.0138 |
| 投稿时间：2023-08-11修订日期：2024-03-10 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(52408069)；江苏省自然科学基金青年基金项目(BK20241563)；教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目
(23YJC760163)；江苏高校哲学社会科学研究一般项目(2023SJYB0061)；南京农业大学中央高校基本科研业务费人文社会科学研究基金(SKYC2023019) |
|
| Research on the Landscape Features of Towns along the Huaiyang Canal Influenced by WaterTransportation |
| JIANG Xin,ZHANG Xi,LIN Qing* |
| Abstract: |
| Water transportation, as the most important national function of the
Grand Canal in ancient China, has formed a unique institution and system over
thousands of years, deeply influencing the commercial development and landscape
construction of towns along the canal. Existing academic research is mainly
concentrated in fundamental areas such as the history of water transportation, water
transportation system, warehousing, and water transportation culture. Research on
canal towns reveals the interactive relationship between town development and
canal transportation, pointing out that canal transportation is one of the primary
driving factors for the development of canal towns. In recent years, research
on irrigation areas, canal-driven regional or urban landscapes from a territorial
perspective has developed, but few studies have involved the construction process
and characteristics of urban landscapes affected by canals. The structure of the
water transportation system is still unclear, and the connotation and characteristics
of the water transportation landscape need to be further explored. Therefore,
this article takes the Huaiyang Canal section with distinct water transportation
characteristics as an example, from the perspective of water transportation through
a double-layered research framework of "forms-features". 1) Firstly, the historical
development of water transportation in Huaiyang Canal was categorized into three
periods: the early canal phase, the Sui-Tang Grand Canal phase, and the Beijing-
Hangzhou Grand Canal phase. The study found that the Huaiyang Canal water
transportation was continuously affected by the natural geographical environment
and the evolution of the river system. Ultimately, it formed an overall spatial pattern
characterized by a Huai'an-centered network with collaborative connections at
multiple points. 2) Secondly, it analyzes the operational mechanism and structure of
the water transportation system from two parts, "water transportation management
facility unit" and "transportation-storage facility unit", including five types of
water transportation management organizations, customs, port terminals, post
stations and granaries. The study aims to reveal the influence on the landscape
construction of the towns along the canal. 3) Then explores the landscape
generation process and features of towns along the Huaiyang Canal driven by it,
summarizes two typical water transportation landscape models: the "orderly water
transportation management landscape with office buildings" and the "prosperous
port transportation landscape with commercial tourism", and analyzes from
multiple aspects such as site selection, street layout and landscape construction.
By conducting specific analysis of the spatial structure, landscape elements and
morphological characteristics of the above two landscape models, the landscape
characteristics of the water transportation in towns along the Huaiyang Canal are
summarized. The result shows that the landscape of the towns along the canal is a
landscape community formed by the natural environment and artificial landscape
(including canal water conservancy, water transport, buildings, streets, etc.), which
formation process exhibits patterns of hierarchy, collaboration, and agglomeration:
the water transportation system demonstrates multi-typed hierarchical structures,
functional interdependence and complementarity, and overlapping clustered
spatial distribution. Therefore, the landscape along the Huaiyang Canal with
significant water transportation cultural characteristics was shaped. Currently, the
preservation and utilization of the Grand Canal and the construction of the Grand
Canal National Cultural Park have advanced into the high-quality development
stage. This highlights the urgent need to thoroughly explore the diverse cultural
values embodied by the Grand Canal and to identify and summarize its distinctive
landscape features. This study aims to systematically explore the influence of water
transportation system on the landscape construction of canal-side towns from a new
perspective, providing an alternative viewpoint for comprehensive interpretation of
the canal landscape, in order to provide theoretical support and practical guidance
for the preservation and utilization of the Grand Canal, which can incorporating a
distinctive element of water transportation into the planning and construction of the
Grand Canal National Cultural Park. |
| Key words: landscape architecture water transportation Huaiyang Canal canal
towns landscape features |
