| 摘要: |
| 运河流域自然文化景观保护与沿运城乡人居环境建设的协同发展，已成为跨流域国土空间规划治理的关键命题。以江南运河流域代表性人居环境为对
象，基于“人居环境地方性”理论，探讨运河流域自然水系生境-运河水利工程-沿运聚落空间的层积演生机制与“内生-外源”耦合机理，由此提出面向流域“水-
运-城乡”生态景观全要素统筹治理、区域多尺度生态优化布局与地域时序性动态调整的韧性规划发展策略。研究表明：1)江南运河流域湖荡塘漾自然水系与人工
运道河网共同串联起沿运城乡景观空间，体现了流域生境基底、地域生产需求与区域功能统筹对地方性人居环境的营造智慧；2)“水-运-城乡”内在演生阶序存在
波动性渐进、结构性突变与关联性滞后效应，演生关联强度较高的区域集中于主要自然水系与江南运河主航道碰撞交汇处及沿运重点城镇邻域范围，具有自然风险
扰动性与地域发展突进性特征；3)生境维育、交通迁移、城乡聚集、生计流转与文化沿袭等外部影响因素在流域、区县与乡镇尺度的响应模式存在显著空间分异。 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 国土空间规划 江南运河流域 人居环境景观 地方性 “水-运-城乡”层积关联 |
| DOI：10.19775/j.cla.2025.02.0031 |
| 投稿时间：2024-08-20修订日期：2024-10-31 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金重点项目(52130804)；上海市哲学社会科学规划课题(2024BCK001) |
|
| Evolution Mechanisms and Development Strategies of Local Human Residential EnvironmentLandscape in the Jiangnan Canal Basin |
| ZHANG Lin,,ZUO You,LIU Binyi* |
| Abstract: |
| The coordinated development of the human settlement environment landscape
protection and the construction of the urban-rural connected environment in the canal basin
has gradually become a key issue in the special governance of cross-basin national spatial
planning. The study focuses on the representative residential environment landscape of the
Jiangnan Canal Basin, and based on the theory of "living environment locality", explores the
layered evolution mechanism and "endogenous-exogenous" coupling mechanism of natural
water system habitat, canal water conservancy engineering, and residential developed space
along the canal basin. Resilience development strategies are proposed for the comprehensive
management of watershed landscape elements, regional multi-scale differential layout, and
local temporal dynamic adjustment. Research results have shown that: 1) The landscape
environment of the Jiangnan Canal Basin is connected by natural water systems, as well
as artificial waterways and river networks along the "urban-rural" living landscape space.
Reflecting the wisdom of layering and shaping local landscape characteristics based on
watershed habitat foundation, regional production needs, and regional coordination functions.
2) The inherent evolutionary order of "water network- canal construction- residential
environment" exhibits gradual fluctuations, structural mutations, and lagged correlation effects.
Regions with high evolutionary correlation strength are concentrated at the collision and
intersection of large natural water systems and the main channel of the Jiangnan Canal, as well
as in the vicinity of towns along the transportation route, exhibiting characteristics of frequent
natural disasters and rapid regional development. 3) There are significant spatial differences in
the response patterns of external factors such as habitat maintenance, transportation migration,
construction agglomeration, livelihood circulation, and cultural inheritance at the watershed,
county, and township scales. The coordinated development of natural and cultural landscape
protection in the canal basin and the construction of urban and rural living environment along
the canal has become a key issue in cross-basin national spatial planning and governance. The
study focuses on the representative living environment of the Jiangnan Canal Basin, and based
on the theory of "locality of living environment", explores the layered evolution mechanism
and "endogenous exogenous" coupling mechanism of natural water system habitat, canal water
conservancy engineering, and settlement space along the canal basin. Therefore a resilient
planning and development strategy for the landscape of the basin "coupling of water ecological
system-canal conservancy engineering-urban and rural residential environment" is proposed.
The article selected the Jiangnan Canal Basin as the study area. Jiangnan Canal Basin is the
urban and rural human settlement space radiating from the Jiangnan section of the Beijing-
Hangzhou Grand Canal, which starts from Zhenjiang in the north, passes through Changzhou,
Wuxi, Suzhou, Huzhou and Jiaxing, and ends at Hangzhou in the south, leaning on Tianmu
Mountain in the west, and is vertically connected to the Yangtze River, Taihu Lake, and
Qiantang River systems by the main channel of the Canal. The study delineates a watershed
area of 41,512 km2, and the time frame of the study is from the Spring and Autumn Period to
modern times. The study combined geographic historical data spatial platforms such as HGIS
and CHGIS to spatially translate historical geographic information of landscape elements in
the canal basin. Exploring the spatial correlation evolution trend of landscape elements in the
canal basin using spatial nearest neighbor analysis method. The study Introduced the variable
structure co-integration test to explore the spatiotemporal evolution order and alienation
mutation nodes of multi-level landscape elements. And used the multi-scale geographically
weighted regression model to spatially attribute external influencing factors. The results of the
study showed that natural hydrological habitat of the Jiangnan Canal Basin is supported by the
butterfly-shaped water network landform of the Taihu Lake Plain. The construction of the main
and secondary channels of the canal, as well as its tributaries, has consolidated the structural
function of the water network pattern in the Jiangnan Basin. Based on this hydrological and
geomorphological foundation and transportation network structure, urban and rural settlements
in the watershed have gradually evolved and developed. Through the spatial correlation and
evolution pattern of "water-transportation-urban-rural" habitat landscape elements, the study
delineated water habitat dominant, canal and river network dominant, hydro-industrial creation
dominant, urban and rural construction dominant and agricultural livelihood dominant types of
local landscape. And explored that the evolution of the local landscape of the human settlement
environment in the Jiangnan Canal Basin is mainly concentrated in the high-level areas where
the Yangtze River, Qiantang River system and canal gates intersect, as well as in the vicinity
of core towns along the canal, with flood risk disturbance and urban-rural expansion. The
relationship between urban and rural settlements along the canal and canal water conservancy
projects gradually became closer, driven by the initial development of natural water habitats
and canal water conservation initiatives. However, the urban water relationship showed a
lagging effect under the regulation of the transportation network and waterway. The external
driving factors of watershed habitat maintenance, urban-rural development and construction,
livelihood management and circulation, water-land shipping connectivity, and canal heritage
protection exhibit spatial differentiation at the scales of watershed, county, township, and
village in terms of foundation building, intercity guidance, agglomeration antagonism, core
turning, and circle decreasing response modes. The study proposes development strategies
that focus on the integrated management of all elements in the "water ecological system-canal
conservancy engineering-urban and rural residential environment" landscape, the regional
multi-scale difference layout, the dynamic adjustment of the geographical time sequence and
the construction of a network of resilient corridors in the watershed. Based on the theories
of human in-habitation environment, river basin ecology and local landscape studies, this
article explores in depth the spatiotemporal layering mechanism of local landscape of the
living environment in Jiangnan Canal Basin. The steady-state continuation value of the "water
ecological system-canal conservancy engineering-urban and rural residential environment"
landscape and the threat of abnormal disturbances are analyzed from the perspective of a
combination of endogenous and exogenous factors. On the basis of the scale planning and
transmission of "watershed region", the study provides local wisdom for the protection of
human settlement environment landscape heritage and high-quality development of national
land space in the canal basin. The future research will further explore the characteristics of
spatial and temporal mobility, correlation lag and decoupling overflow of local landscapes
of the human habitat in the canal basin, and formulate the research scale standards for the
integration of the basin and the combination of regional differentiation. |
| Key words: landscape architecture national spatial planning Jiangnan canal basin human settlement environment landscape locality coupling of water ecological
system-canal conservancy engineering-urban and rural residential environment |
