| 摘要: |
| 人与自然和谐共生的中国式现代化发展背景下，生态空间规划的重要性日益彰显。如何促使生态系统服务权衡向服务间协同转化是生态空间规划研究的
核心议题之一。基于生态系统服务权衡协同转化视角，揭示权衡协同内涵与两者转化的可能性，明确权衡协同转化以关键生态系统服务类型与评估尺度为价值判
断依据，阐释生态空间异质性决定权衡协同异质性。从“效应评估”“驱动力解析”和“格局塑造”3个方面建构以关键生态系统服务协同增益为目标的生态空间
格局优化思路。以芜湖市为例，通过分析生态系统服务权衡协同转化规律、关键驱动力及其作用，建构多情景生态空间格局方案的优化路径，以期为生态系统服
务权衡协同理论的实践应用指引方向，同时创新生态空间格局优化手段 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 生态系统服务权衡与协同 生态空间 格局优化 |
| DOI：10.19775/j.cla.2025.02.0015 |
| 投稿时间：2024-08-24修订日期：2024-10-10 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目(52178050) |
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| Ecological Space Pattern Optimization Based on the Transformation Between Ecosystem ServiceTrade-off and Synergy |
| LIU Song,ZHANG Haopeng,WU Dingwen |
| Abstract: |
| Urban ecological space is composed of ecological elements such as
"mountains, water, forests, fields, lakes, grasses and sands", and is the green base
and ecological foundation of urban and rural development, not only providing
a spatial carrier for plants and animals and a variety of processes in natural
ecology, but also an important place for human production, life and other socioeconomic
activities, which is closely related to sustainable urban and rural social
development. A good urban ecological space system can help maintain the stability
of ecosystems at the regional level and promote the coordination of urban economic
development and natural ecosystem protection. Urban ecological space has the
basic attribute of supplying a variety of ecosystem services, and it is a fundamental
requirement for ecological spatial planning to give full play to the benefits of the
comprehensive supply of multiple ecosystem services in ecological space. However,
there may be trade-offs and synergy between different ecosystem services, and the
trade-off will lead to a decrease and increase in the supply of ecosystem services,
which will have a negative impact on the utilization of the comprehensive benefits
of ecosystem services. At the same time, the synergy effect will help the ecological
space to enhance the comprehensive supply benefits of multiple ecosystem services
and promote the maximization of the comprehensive benefits of ecosystem
services. In the context of Chinese modernization and development of harmonious
coexistence between human beings and nature, national land spatial planning places
more emphasis on the synergy of spatial multiple values. As a core tool of territorial
spatial planning, how ecological space planning can facilitate the transformation
of ecosystem service trade-off into synergy is the core topic of current research.
Despite the deepening of the theory of ecosystem service trade-off and synergy,
there is still a lack of ways to apply the theory to the optimization of ecological
spatial patterns. In order to make up for this lack of research, this study takes the
connotation of ecosystem service trade-off and synergy as a premise, clarifies
the spatial heterogeneity and transformability of ecosystem service trade-off and
synergy, explains the necessity of transforming ecosystem service trade-off into
synergy in the process of ecological space pattern optimization, and generalizes
the idea of promoting ecosystem service trade-off into synergy in the optimization
of ecological space patterns into three core links: 1) Effect assessment: Measuring
the spatial and temporal characteristics of key ecosystem service trade-off and
synergy. 2) Driving force analysis: Analyzing the key spatial pattern mechanisms
for the shift from trade-off to synergy. 3) Pattern shaping: multi-scenario simulation
of ecological spatial patterns based on the characteristics of key pattern factors.
Meanwhile, Wuhu City in Anhui Province, China is used as a study case to verify
the above ideas. Specifically, in this study, the net primary productivity and habitat
quality indices were used to characterize two key ecosystem services in Wuhu City,
namely agricultural product supply and biodiversity maintenance, respectively,
and the bivariate local spatial autocorrelation index was used to identify the spatial
and temporal changes in the trade-off and synergy of the key ecosystem services in
Wuhu City during the period from 1990 to 2020. In addition, a Bayesian network
was used to construct the influence characteristics between potential drivers and the
trade-off and synergy of key ecosystem services, and to quantify the influence effects
of dominant drivers on the trade-off and synergy of key ecosystem services. Finally,
based on the influence of the dominant drivers, the Patch-level Land Use Simulation
model(PLUS) was used to obtain the regional ecological space simulation scenarios
of the trade-off of key ecosystem services in Wuhu City. The multiple scenarios
were reevaluated by Bayesian network to obtain the optimal ecological space
pattern that promotes the transformation of ecosystem service trade-off to synergy.
The results of the study showed that: 1) there were dominant factors that contributed
to the transformation of ecosystem service trade-off into synergy. The proportion
of forested land, elevation and urban construction land were the dominant driving
factors for the synergistic transformation of ecosystem service trade-off in Wuhu
City, and the landscape pattern factor had an important influence on the synergistic
transformation of ecosystem service trade-off. 2) Thresholds existed for dominant
factors to transform ecosystem service trade-offs towards synergy. When the
proportion of forested land is in the middle-value range and the proportion of urban
construction land is in the low-value range, the possibility of synergy of the two key
ecosystem services in Wuhu City is higher. 3) Multi-scenario modeling allows for
urban ecological space planning scenarios with different landscape compositions
and structures, which will help to transform the relationships between ecosystem
services. This study confirms that the ecological space pattern optimization method
based on "effect assessment-driver analysis-pattern shaping" can effectively
transform ecosystem service trade-off into ecosystem service synergy. The results of
this research may expand the ideas of future ecological space planning and provide
knowledge support for the optimization of ecological space patterns |
| Key words: landscape architecture ecosystem service trade-off and synergy ecological space pattern optimization |
