| 摘要: |
| 长期以来，中日两国的造园理论体系被限定为一种
“外师造化、中得心源”的产物，并将其视为是一种由“心”
而生的艺术创造。江户时代之后，日本造园界将中国的“气象
体志”理论发展总结为“技艺”“心”与“感”3个层次，后
又总结成更为简化的神仙气、轮苑气、山林气、出世气、儒先
气等俗理，并根据江户时代的赏析习惯，绘制出“真行草”47
种规范化的造园图式，形成了“一维两阀”的造园现象，一跃
成为研究日本古典造园艺术“图式”的学术途径与法门钥匙。
基于对日本江户时期北村援琴的造园著作《筑山庭造传》的研
究，将“美感”视作造园生发程式化设计的主要脉络，对日本
“江户美感新体图式”的创新路径进行学术探讨，由此检验北
村援琴所主张的内在渊源、理论谱系和路径谱系等问题，并以
此充当研究中国造园文献之重要补遗。 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 江户造园新体图式 筑山庭 一维两
阀 美感 真行草 |
| DOI：10.19775/j.cla.2024.07.0019 |
| 投稿时间：2024-03-25修订日期：2024-05-26 |
| 基金项目:2024年国家艺术基金项目(2024-A-03-080-373) |
|
| One-Dimensional Duality: An Investigation ofthe "Edo Gardening New Style" from Tsukiyamaniwatsukuri den kōhen |
| ZHOU Jingchong |
| Abstract: |
| For a long time, the garden design theories of China and
Japan have been constrained to a product described as "imitating
nature and capturing its essence from within". This perspective
views it as an art created from the "heart", akin to a manifestation of
spirit and intent. After the Edo period, the Japanese garden design
community evolved this theory into three layers: "skill", "heart",
and "sensation". It was later simplified into more popular theories
such as the spirit of immortals, the atmosphere of gardens, the
essence of mountains and forests, the air of transcendence, and the
aura of Confucian scholars. Forty-seven standardized gardening
patterns known as "shin-gyō-sō" were drawn, becoming a leap in the
academic approach and key to studying classical Japanese gardening
art "styles". This paper is based on the study of Kitamura Enkin's
gardening work Tsukiyama niwatsukuri den kōhen from the Edo
period, regards "aesthetic sense" as the main thread of gardening's
formulaic design, academically discussing the innovative path of the
"Edo aesthetic sense new style patterns" in Japan. Through this, it
examines issues such as the internal sources, theoretical lineages, and
path lineages advocated by Kitamura Enkin, serving as an important
supplement to the study of Chinese gardening literature. |
| Key words: landscape architecture Edo gardening new style Tsukiyama niwatsukuri den kōhen One-Dimensional Duality aesthetic Shin-gyō-sō |
