| 摘要: |
| 丰富的自然体验与感知有利于发挥绿地的健康效
益，明确影响滨江人群自然感知及感知复愈性的景观环境要素
对于精细化提升公园绿地环境品质具有重要意义。以典型沿江
型湿地公园上海后滩公园为例，采用游客受雇佣拍摄法，获得
景观环境感知特征数据及感知自然程度和感知复愈程度评分数
据，探索与人群自然感知及感知复愈性相关的公园绿地景观环
境影响要素。研究发现：1)场景内存在水体、植被物种丰富度
越高、视觉主体植被健康程度越高、场地的整洁程度越高、无
硬质铺地道路或道路类型为线性延伸路径，对人群的自然感知
程度和感知复愈程度更有利；2)场景内有动物出现、人工修剪
痕迹更少会显著提升人群对自然的感知程度，但与人群的感知
复愈程度相关性不显著；3)场景内的土地裸露度会负向影响
公众在自然中的复愈感受，而对人群的自然感知程度无显著影
响。基于以上研究结果，对沿江型湿地公园景观环境提出设计
优化建议：1)增加水体要素；2)提高植被物种丰富度；3)提高
场景整洁度，降低土地裸露度，同时也须避免对植被的过度修
剪；4)营造丰富生境，提高野生动物多样性及其可观测性。 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 自然感知 感知复愈性 景观环境特
征 设计优化 上海 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目: |
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| Effects of Landscape and EnvironmentalCharacteristics of Riverine Wetland Park onPeople's Perception of Nature and PerceivedRestorativeness—Case Study of Shanghai HoutanPark |
| GAN Jing,TANG Yiyuan,YIN Jie |
| Abstract: |
| Rich nature experience and perception are conducive
to maximizing the health benefits of green space. The spatial
characteristics of green space that influence the nature perception
of people and their restorativeness should be clarified. With
Shanghai Houtan Park as a typical example of riverine wetland
park, the Visitor Employed Photography (VEP) method was used
to obtain data on the degree of perceived naturalness, perceived
restorativeness, and the landscape and environmental spatial
characteristics. Then, the effects of green space characteristics
on people's perception of nature and their restorativeness were
explored. It was found that: 1) Perception of nature and perceived
restorativeness were positively influenced by the presence of water
in the scene, the higher species richness of vegetation in the scene,
the healthier vegetation in the visual subject, the cleaner site, the
absence of hard paved roads and the type of roads with linear
extension paths. 2) The presence of animals in the scene and the
presence of fewer traces of trimming would significantly increase
the people's perception of nature. However, they do not affect
people's perceived restorativeness. 3) The degree of land exposure
within a scene negatively affects the public's feelings of restorative
in nature, while there is no significant effect on the degree of nature
perception. Based on the above results, the following suggestions
for design optimization of riverine wetland parks are proposed:
1) increase water bodies; 2) increase the species richness of
vegetation; 3) improve the cleanliness of scene, reduce the degree
of bare land, and avoid excessive artificial pruning of vegetation;
4) create rich habitats and increase the observable frequency of
wildlife. |
| Key words: landscape architecture perception of nature perceived
restorativeness landscape and environmental characteristics design
optimization Shanghai |
