| 摘要: |
| 在区域洪涝灾害频发的背景下，城市公园系统的规
划与建设是城市防灾减灾体系中的重要一环。2012年，台风
桑迪(Sandy)给纽约造成了人员伤亡、电力设施受损、交通
系统瘫痪、城际交通中断、海水倒灌导致的内涝等诸多后果，
促使整个社会开始思考防灾抗灾应对措施及城市自身韧性和适
应性问题。基于该背景，以纽约市2013、2015年总体规划
和2016、2017、2018、2019年总体规划实施的评估版本
为基础，从构成模块、建设统筹、执行策略方面进行比较，解
读和分析总体规划为导向下的响应区域洪涝灾害的纽约城市公
园系统。分析发现，纽约市总体城市规划在落实“规划前评
估”“规划中监控”“规划后评价”方面形成持续跟踪、协
同、补充的动态监控式评价机制。在该机制主导下，执行部门
构建、量化和细化基于上位总体规划的“愿景-策略-行动”指
标体系，形成依托纽约城市公园系统的可操作性强的政策与行
动，从而助力于响应区域洪涝灾害的城市建设和城市可持续发
展的总体目标。 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 城市公园系统 统筹协同 执行策略 区域洪涝灾害响应 纽约总体规划 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2022-05-25修订日期：2022-07-28 |
| 基金项目: |
|
| Study on Planning and Construction of Urban Park System in Response to Regional Floods—Interpretation of the Building Blocks, Construction Planning, and Execution Strategies of the New York City Park System |
| ZHAO Long,ZHEN Lieping,LI Yuan,WANG Xin |
| Abstract: |
| In the context of frequent regional floods, the planning and
construction of the urban park system is an important part of the urban
disaster prevention and mitigation system. Typhoon "Sandy" in 2012
caused many consequences to New York, such as casualties, damage to
power facilities, traffic system paralysis, inter-city traffic interruption,
and waterlogging caused by seawater intrusion, and prompted the
whole society to start thinking about disaster prevention and response
measures and the resilience and adaptability of the city itself. Based
on this background, a review is conducted based on the 2013, and
2015 master plans of New York City and the evaluation version of the
2016, 2017, 2018, and 2019 progress reports. It compares the building
blocks, construction planning, and execution strategies, and interprets
and analyzes the response under the master plan of the New York City
park system for regional floods. The analysis finds that the overall urban
planning of New York City has formed a dynamic monitoring evaluation
mechanism for continuous tracking, coordination, and supplementation in
the implementation of "pre-planning evaluation", "planning monitoring",
and "post-planning evaluation". Under the guidance of this mechanism,
the executive department builds, quantifies, and refines the indicator
system of "vision strategy action" based on the upper master plan to form
operable policies and actions relying on the New York City Park System,
thus contributing to the overall goal of urban construction and urban
sustainable development in response to regional flood disasters |
| Key words: landscape architecture urban park system overall
coordination execution strategy regional flood disaster response New
York Master Plan |
