| 摘要: |
| 中国城市化进程已进入存量发展时代，对城市公共
空间的评估方法及设计需求也愈发精细化。针对山地丘陵型城
市而言，自然山体往往是其城市公共空间塑造及管控的重要参
照，通常以人群视觉感知作为评价管控的主要参照之一。过往
对于公共空间与自然山体视觉关联的研究多聚焦于通视分析，
缺乏人群视觉关注机制的分析解读。为拓展传统分析方法的维
度，提出了人群在公共空间中对于自然山体的3个视觉诉求：
可视、可感、可知，以及对应的定量分析指标：通视程度、可
视山体数量、视觉吸引程度。借助ArcGIS及眼动生理数据监
测等分析手段形成了完善的评价方法，以典型山地丘陵型城市
南京为例，对所拟定的评价方法予以运用及修正，并根据分析
结果将南京主城范围内高质量的观山公共空间分为风景游憩空
间、门户节点空间、慢行交通设施沿线绿地、社区公园等小微
型绿地4种类型，再结合现状挑战对各类观山空间提出对应的
优化策略。 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 城市视觉景观 视觉分析 城市山体 公共空间 空间量化评估 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2022-04-04修订日期：2022-09-20 |
| 基金项目: |
|
| A Mountain Sightseeing Experience Oriented Study of the Public Space Assessment and Optimization Strategies for Mountainous and Hilly Cities—A Case Study of Nanjing |
| CHENG Shi,SU Ziyue,ZHANG Guanting |
| Abstract: |
| As urbanization in China has entered an era of stock
development, and demands for assessment methods and design
of urban public spaces are increasingly elaborate, it is of greater
importance to further explore the value of urban space. For
mountainous and hilly cities, natural mountains are usually important
reference for the shaping and control of urban public spaces, and
visual perception of crowds is often one aspect of major reference
for assessment and control. Previous studies of visual connections
between public spaces and natural mountains mostly focused on
visibility analysis, without analysis or interpretation of the visual
attention mechanism of crowds. In view of this research gap, this
paper expanded dimensions of traditional analysis methods, and
presented three visual appeals of crowds for natural mountains in
public spaces, namely visibility, perceptibility, and knowability,
corresponding to the quantitative analysis indicators of the degree
of visibility, the number of visible mountains, and the degree of
visual attraction. This paper formed an improved method by means
of analysis such as ArcGIS and physiological data monitoring of eye
movements, which was applied and corrected through the case study
of Nanjing, a typical mountainous and hilly city. According to results
of analysis, high-quality public spaces for mountain sightseeing in the
urban area of Nanjing were classified into the five categories of large
public greenbelts and scenic areas, landscapes along traffic facilities,
and gateway and joint spaces, and then corresponding optimization
strategies were provided for different categories of mountain
sightseeing spaces based on current challenges. |
| Key words: landscape architecture urban visual landscape visual
analysis urban mountain public space spatial quantitative evaluation |
