| 摘要: |
| 建立完善的资金保障机制是国家公园运营管理的关
键，决定了国家公园保护目标能否实现。对南非国家公园资金
保障机制的形成原因、特点及其保护绩效进行梳理后发现，其
市场化特征显著，形成了以市场渠道为主、财政渠道与社会渠
道为补充的资金保障机制。在多元化资金支持下，南非国家公
园维持了较为完整的生态系统，为游客提供了高质量的服务，
为社区转型作出了贡献，但也存在生物多样性保护不力和环境
破坏的问题。根据中国国家公园试点情况，同时借鉴南非国家
公园资金保障机制的经验和教训，我国应根据国家公园建设阶
段的不同实行不同的资金模式；合理确定资金使用结构；在不
损害保护目标的前提下，开展特许经营、生态旅游业务。 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 国家公园 资金保障机制 南非 |
| DOI： |
|
| 基金项目: |
|
| The Funding Guarantee Mechanism of National Parks in South Africa and Its Enlightenment |
| HUANG Fujie,YU Ji'an,MA Xiaojing |
| Abstract: |
| Establishing a complete financial guarantee mechanism
is the key to the operation and management of National Parks (NPs),
and determines whether the goals of NPs protection can be achieved.
This article sorts out the reasons and characteristics of the funding
guarantee mechanism, as well as the conservation performance, of the
NPs of South Africa. Researches have shown that its marketization
characteristics are significant, forming a funding guarantee mechanism
with market channels as the mainstay, and financial and social channels
as the supplement. With the support of diversified funding sources, NPs
in South Africa maintain a relatively complete ecosystem, provide highquality services for tourists, and contribute to the transformation of
communities, but there are also problems such as ineffective biodiversity
conservation and environmental damage. According to the pilot situation
of National Parks in China, while drawing on the experience and lessons
of South Africa NPs funding guarantee mechanism, China should
implement different funding models according to the different stages of
NPs construction, reasonably determine the funding structure, and carry
out franchising and eco-tourism business on the premise of not damaging
the protection objectives |
| Key words: landscape architecture national park funding guarantee
mechanism South Africa |
