| 摘要: |
| 蜜粉源植物具有保育天敌昆虫的重要功能，城市绿地
中针对性地应用蜜粉源植物，将有助于激活绿地生态系统的自
我调控机制，提升绿地生态系统的稳定性。选择以夏至草为地
被层优势种的草地(100%自然光)、疏林草地(50%自然光)、
林下草地(25%自然光)及裸地(100%自然光)为研究样地，采
用黄板诱集的方法对样地中自然天敌种群进行研究，分析不同
光照条件下蜜粉源植物对天敌昆虫种群的影响。获得的天敌昆
虫标本分属瓢虫、草蛉、食蚜蝇和寄生蜂4类，且以瓢虫和寄生
蜂为优势种群。研究表明：天敌数量方面，草地极显著多于裸
地(p<0.01)，显著多于林下草地(p<0.05)；疏林草地显著多
于裸地(p<0.05)。天敌种群丰富度指数和多样性指数呈现出草
地>裸地>疏林草地>林下草地的规律；均匀度指数呈现出裸地>草
地=疏林草地>林下草地的规律。光照强度对天敌丰富度指数、
多样性指数、均匀度指数及优势天敌中的瓢虫数量具有极显著
影响(p<0.01)。为提升天敌昆虫多样性，应优先在全光照环境
下种植蜜粉源植物；为有效进行多异瓢虫、龟纹瓢虫等瓢虫类
天敌的招引，应优先选择阳性或中性蜜粉源植物并将其种植于
全光照或半光照环境中，乔木宜作上木，灌木与地被植物宜植
于林缘或疏林中。 |
| 关键词: 园林植物 城市绿地 蜜粉源植物 生物多样性保
育 自然天敌昆虫 光照条件 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目: |
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| Effect of Insectary Plants on Natural Enemy Insects in Urban Green Space under Different Light Conditions |
| REN Binbin,WANG Jianhong,LI Guang,LIU Qian,ZHANG Zhiguo |
| Abstract: |
| Insectary plants play an important role in the conservation
of natural enemy insects. The targeted application of insectary plants in
urban green space will activate the self-regulation mechanism of green
space ecosystem and improve the stability of green space ecosystem.
Under different light conditions for the study of insectary plants impact
on natural enemy insect populations, grassland (100% natural light), open
forest grassland (50% natural light), understory grassland (25% natural
light) and bare land (100% natural light) are selected as the research
sample plots, and the natural enemy population were studied with yellow
plate trapping method. The insect specimens obtained belong to 4 kinds:
ladybugs, lacewings, syrphid flies and parasitoids. The results showed
that the number of natural enemies in grassland is significantly higher
than that in bare land (p<0.01) and in understory grassland (p<0.05).
The number of natural enemies in open forest grassland is significantly
higher than that in bare land (p<0.05). The natural enemy population
richness index and diversity index showed the rule of that grassland >
bare land > open forest grassland > understory grassland. The evenness
index presents the rule that bare land > grassland = open forest grassland >
understory grassland. The illumination intensity had a significant effect
on the abundance index, diversity index, evenness index and the number
of dominant natural enemies of ladybirds (p<0.01). In order to improve
the diversity of natural enemies, it is better to plant insectary plants
under full light environment than other conditions. In order to effectively
attract the natural enemies of ladybugs, such as Hippodamia variegate
and Propylea japonica, sun insectary plants or neutral insectary plants
should be selected and planted under full-light or semi-light environment,
trees should be used as upper wood, and shrubs and ground cover plants
should be planted on the edge of forest or in the open forest |
| Key words: landscape plant urban green space insectary plant biodiversity conservation natural enemy insect light condition |
