| 摘要: |
| 社区公园是利用率最高的城市绿地类型之一，其生
物多样性水平与居民的健康福祉息息相关。作为生物迁移的踏
脚石和城市生态网络的重要节点，其生物多样性水平的提升对
整体城市生态环境改善十分重要。以北京市4个小型社区公园
为研究区域，以鸟类作为生物多样性指示类群，从公园生境结
构和干扰控制两方面入手，探究基于鸟类多样性提升的社区公
园空间设计策略。相关性分析结果表明，小梯度增加公园面积
或绿地率对小面积的社区公园鸟类多样性影响并不明显。提升
微生境丰富度、植物丰富度、灌木盖度，适当增加竖向层次丰
富的植物空间，增加植被高度及水面的设置对鸟类多样性提升
可产生积极影响。另外，通过地形堆叠、调整植物种植模式来
进行有效的公园边界设计，能够快速削弱外部交通干扰，合理
的功能布局则能对公园内部的游憩干扰起到控制作用。 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 城市生物多样性 社区公园 鸟类生境
营造 人类干扰控制 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目: |
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| Analysis on the Habitat Design Strategy of Community Park Based on the Improvement of Bird Diversity |
| ZHANG Ying,HUANG Tingting,HU Qian,ZHU Jianning |
| Abstract: |
| Community park is one of the types of urban green space
with the highest utilization rate. The biodiversity level of community
parks is closely related to the health and well-being of residents. As a
stepping stone of biological migration and an important node of urban
ecological network, the improvement of its biodiversity is very important
to overall urban ecological environment. In this paper, four small
community parks in Beijing are selected as the research areas. Birds are
taken as the biodiversity indicator group. By analyzing the park habitat
structure and interference control, the paper studies the space design
strategy of community parks based on the improvement of bird diversity.
The results of correlation analysis show that small gradient increase in
park area or green space rate have no significant effect on bird diversity
in small community parks in this study. In order to improve the diversity
of birds, the richness of microhabitat and vegetation, shrub coverage, and
the vertical level of rich plant space should be increased, taller vegetation
should be planted, and water surface should be set. In addition, effective
park boundary design through terrain shaping and plant planting can
quickly reduce external traffic interference. Reasonable functional layout
can control the recreation disturbance in the park |
| Key words: landscape architecture urban biodiversity community
park avian habitat design control of human interference |
