| 摘要: |
| 中国古代城市在基于城内外山系的择址和塑形过程
中，形成了围绕“城-山”关系的特定审美意象、空间模式和
营景经验，是中国人居环境“人与自然”内在关联的关键基因
之一。结合文献史料整理，梳理了与城、山紧密相关的仙境、
礼制、风水文化意象，总结了礼制求中、风水象形与仙境三山
3类城市择址模式，以及中轴立向、经纬引秀、裁成增秀3种
“城-山”塑形经验。探讨了楼阁布局与天际线、园林类型与
社会秩序、山景游赏与交通设施的“城-山”景致营建，并分
析了其对可望、可居、可游“城中园，园中城”的支撑作用。
研究结果对于补充中国城市风景营建的历史理论、丰富城市风
景重构的实践经验具有积极意义 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 山水城市 “城-山”风景 文化意象 空间秩序 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目: |
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| Research on the Cultural Image, Spatial Order and Landscape Construction of Ancient Chinese "City mountain" Landscape |
| MAO Huasong,TANG Siqi,FU Junjie |
| Abstract: |
| In the process of site selection and shaping based on the
mountain system inside and outside the city, ancient Chinese cities
formed specific aesthetic images, spatial patterns and landscape
experience around the "city-mountain" relationship, which is one of
the key genes of the internal relationship between "man and nature" in
China's human settlements. Combined with the collation of documents
and historical materials, this paper sorts out the fairyland, ritual system
and Feng Shui (geomancy) cultural images closely related to the city
and mountain. Three types of urban location selection modes are
summarized, such as seeking the middle, Feng Shui hieroglyphs, and
the three mountains of fairyland. At the same time, it sums up three
kinds of "city-mountain" shaping experience, namely, guiding the
city direction by the urban axis, absorbing the beauty of mountain
by the road, and adding beauty by cropping. This paper discusses
the "city-mountain" landscape construction of pavilion layout and
skyline, garden type and social order, mountain scenery sightseeing
and transportation facilities construction, and analyzes its supporting
role in "garden in city, garden in city" which is viewable, habitable and
touring-friendly. The research has positive significance to supplement
the historical theory of urban landscape construction in China and
enrich the practical experience of urban landscape reconstruction. |
| Key words: landscape architecture landscape city "city-mountain"
landscape cultural image spatial order |
