| 摘要: |
| 温州作为浙江道教洞天福地的三大聚集地之一，其
迥异的自然山水和历史人文充分反映温州洞天福地的入世特
性。当地道教洞天福地中冗杂的民俗信仰与文人隐士的笔墨纷
宏著述，很大程度上得益于温州洞天福地与社会生活之间的互
通性。这种互通性不仅表现在它的人文历史方面，也从其山岳
和水文等自然景观中显露出来。据其山岳水文等自然景观的特
征，在风景园林视角下得出温州一洞四福地景观在选址和布局
上所具备的独特地域特点：择址在其本身临近江海的基础上循
“坐山之内隅”原则，且各洞天福地“山岳海拔多不过百”；
布局遵“虚围实合的山川之势”和“立于水网，靠于江流，面
向海洋”之态。温州洞天福地的选址原则和布局模式在确保其
“避灾”和“藏风纳气”特性的同时，又维系了其入世性，保
障了洞天福地中修道者的日常生活。温州洞天福地从自然到人
文景观无不涉及现实追求和世俗表现，旨在发掘其地域性特
征，丰富浙江洞天福地研究。 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 温州 洞天福地 人文 山水 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目: |
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| Research on the Characteristics of "Taoism Nature Sanctuary" (TNS) in Wenzhou from the Perspective of Humanism and Natural Landscape |
| DONG Haina,JIN Hexian,ZHENG Qingqing |
| Abstract: |
| Wenzhou, as one of the three gathering places of the
"Taoism Nature Sanctuary" (TNS) in Zhejiang Province，its distinct
qualities of the natural landscape and culture of humanism accentuates
the regional characteristics of Wenzhou TNS that get involved in the
world. The diverse local Taoist folk beliefs with abundant literatis and
hermits' writings benefits from the interworking between Wenzhou
TNS and social lifestyle in a great extent. This interoperability is not
only manifested in the analysis of historic literature and social cultural
influence, but also in natural landscape layers such as landform and
hydrology. Through exploration of its geomorphological context, it is
concluded that the landscape of Wenzhou TNS is extremely regional
and specific to its location in site selection and layout of surrounding
landscape from the perspective of landscape architecture. With
foundation of being in close proximity to the rivers and sea, process
of site selection embodies the principle of "located in the inside of
mountains that separate the ocean". The elevation of the mountainous
landscape has an average altitude less than one hundred metres. The
layout adapts to the semi-closed mountainous form and the condition
of "situating on the water network, back to the rivers and facing the
sea". The geographical distribution and geomorphological context of
Wenzhou TNS assure the purpose of "disaster avoidance" and certain
other beliefs in Chinese traditional geomantic omen theory, while
sustaining its secular values and guaranteeing the basic life in TNS.
In summary, Wenzhou TNS shows the pursuit of realistic life and
secular expression. This paper depicts the distinct regional character
of Wenzhou TNS, which will enrich the research of TNS in Zhejiang
Province from both the analysis of its landscape geomorphological
context and the historic cultural influence. |
| Key words: landscape architecture Wenzhou "Taoism Nature
Sanctuary" (TNS) humanism natural landscape |
