| 摘要: |
| 堤垸是洞庭湖区最为重要的乡土景观类型，综合了
农业生产、水利调控和聚落建设。人们在湖区的淤洲上建设堤
垸来控制垸区的水位，以获得生活和生产空间；数百年的堤垸
开垦历史，使得洞庭湖区几乎每一寸土地都经过了设计，积累
了大量的水土整合经验。从风景园林的视角出发，将堤垸看作
一种空间结构和文化表达的结果，而不单纯是水利工程的产
物；通过系统分析和图解的方式，探索堤垸景观的空间设计法
则，推断和解读这类景观的发生机制和特征。首先，简要阐述
了洞庭湖区堤垸的围垦历史，理清了堤垸的发展脉络；其次，总
结了湖区堤垸的现状空间分布情况；再次，从水利、垸田和聚落
3个空间层，对不同空间层、不同尺度下的堤垸空间及其嵌套式
的相互关系进行了解析；最后，总结出洞庭湖区的堤垸景观具有
堤垸的更新性、尺度的层级性、形态的整体性等相关特征。上述
分析可以使人们对洞庭湖区的堤垸景观有一个较为全面和深刻的
理解，并获得堤垸保护与转型的线索。 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 堤垸景观 洞庭湖区 土地开垦 空
间设计 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目: |
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| Study of the Polder Landscape in Dongting LakeDistric |
| XIA Tian,GUO Wei,WEN Bin |
| Abstract: |
| : Polder landscape is the most important vernacular
landscape type in Dongting Lake district, as a combination of
agricultural production, hydrology infrastructure and town planning,
to control the water level in the lake area, and obtain living and
production space. With hundreds of years of polders reclamation
history, almost every inch of land in Dongting Lake area has been
designed and accumulated a lot of experience in soil and water
integration. From the perspective of landscape architecture, this
paper regards the polders as a result of spatial structure and cultural
expression, rather than simply a product of water conservancy
projects, and explores the spatial design principles of polder
landscape, infers and interprets the occurrence mechanism and
characteristics of this kind of landscape through systematic analysis
and mapping. Firstly, the paper briefly explains the history of polders
in Dongting Lake area, in order to clarify the development of the
polders. Secondly, it summarizes the current spatial distribution
of the polders. Then, from the perspective of water conservancy,
reclamation and settlement, it analyzes the landscape space of polders
at different levels and scales and their nested relationship. Finally, the
paper summarizes three characteristics which are renewal of polders,
hierarchy of scale and morphology integrity. The above analysis can
make people have a more comprehensive and profound understanding
of the polder landscape in Dongting Lake area, and obtain clues of
protection and transformation of polders. |
| Key words: landscape architecture polder landscape Dongting
Lake district land reclamation space design |
