| 摘要: |
| 竖向设计是人类在景观中进行的基本活动。人类对
室外空间的任何干预都涉及对地表形态的设计。在过去的几十
年中，数字设计的发展不仅改变了表现的方法，而且改变了设
计的过程。就地形建模而言，该技术实现了三维可视化和任务
自动化，例如土方计算和自动产生横截面。但在重点考察最新
的建筑信息模型(BIM)如何应用和实施这项技术时，不难发现
地形建模过程并没有充分利用技术带来的潜在优势。实际上，
三维建模工具、基于组件的建模和分析、设计验证，以及协同
设计是可以集成到数字地面模型中的。识别了现有数字建模解
决方案中的主要缺陷并为其进一步发展提供机会，提出了一
项整合性的数字地面模型建模过程，该过程引入了TIN2.0曲
面，对现有的TIN曲面进行了升级，允许在同一曲面中同时存
在规则三角网和不规则三角网，并开发了一套基于三维线和自
由形态设计工具的建模工具，推动风景园林信息模型框架的发
展以满足风景园林师及其他专业人士，如建筑师和土木工程师
进行地形建模的需求。通过案例研究对提出的建模过程进行了
测试和验证。结果表明，生成的数字曲面具有较高精度，可以
具象地表现地形，允许设计过程在三维线或自由形态设计工具
的基础上进行。所有地形建模均在三维数字模型上进行 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 数字地面模型 风景园林信息模型
(LIM) 竖向设计 数字模型工具 |
| DOI： |
|
| 基金项目: |
|
| Advances in Digital Terrain Modeling: TIN 2.0, 3D Surface Sculpting Lines and Freeform Modeling Tools |
| (Portugal) José Miguel
Lameiras,(Portugal) Paulo FarinhaMarques,Translated by YUAN Yin,,LI Aoxue |
| Abstract: |
| Grading is a fundamental activity of human's action on
the landscape. Any intervention in the outdoor space involves design
decisions on the shape of the earth. Over the last decades, digital design
developments have changed not only the methods of representation, but
also the design processes. As far as terrain modeling is concerned, the
technology has enabled three-dimensional visualization and automation
of tasks, such as earthwork calculations and automated cross sections.
However, and especially when looking at how technology is being
used and implemented by the state-of-the-art Building Information
Modeling (BIM), it is possible to verify that the terrain modeling process
does not take full advantage of the potential introduced. New threedimensional modeling tools, component-based modeling, analysis and
design validation and collaborative design are possibilities that can
be integrated into the digital terrain modeling process. This research
identifies the main gaps in the existing digital modeling solutions, as well
as the opportunities for new developments. This leads to the proposal
of an integrated digital terrain modeling process, which introduces the
TIN 2.0 surface, an upgrade of the existing TIN surfaces that allows the
coexistence of regular and irregular triangulated areas in the same surface
and proposes a set of modeling tools based on three-dimensional lines
and freeform design tools, allowing for a step further in the development
of a Landscape Information Modeling framework that suits the needs of
landscape architecture and as well as other professionals that shape the
terrain form, such as architects and civil engineers. The proposed process
was tested and validated through case studies. Conclusions show that
the digital surfaces generated have a high level of precision and require
a lower level of abstraction in the representation of the terrain form,
allowing the design process to occur based on either three-dimensional
lines, or freeform design tools. All terrain modeling phases took place on
a three-dimensional digital model. |
| Key words: : landscape architecture digital terrain modeling Landscape
Information Model (LIM) grading project digital modeling tool |
