| 摘要: |
| 沈阳中山公园(原名千代田公园)始建于1919年，是具有近百年历史的近代城市公园。将中山公园的空间利用划分为4个历史阶段：民国时期外国殖民者尝试并营造出东西方园林要素相结合的城市公园；新中国成立初期园内增添凸显中国特色的景观元素；改革开放时期全面建设空间与主题并重的中国特色城市公园；21世纪公园建设与利用呈现多样化。另外，通过山形水系、建筑设施、园路分布、活动区域4种空间构成要素分析中山公园空间利用的变迁特征。结果表明，公园空间利用最初集中在西北和中南部，以自然山水式格局为基调，增添西方园林元素，后逐步打通了东西向核心轴线，利用频率与规模在改革开放时期达到最高水平，但目前文化主题被削弱且文化景观遗产的保护与利用略显不足。 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 近代城市公园 空间利用 变迁史 |
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| Research on the Historical Transition of Space Utilization of Zhongshan Park in Shenyang City |
| WANG Na,DENG Ge,ZHAO Weitao |
| Abstract: |
| Shenyang Zhongshan Park (formerly known as Chiyoda Park) was founded in 1919, which is a modern city park with nearly a centurial history. This paper divides the spatial utilization of Zhongshan Park into four historical periods. During the period of the Republic of China, foreign colonists tried to create a city park with a combination of Eastern and Western garden elements; in the initial stage of the new China, the landscape elements that highlighted Chinese characteristics were added to the park; in the reform and opening period, urban park with Chinese characteristics was built vigorously from space and theme culture; in the 21st century, the park's construction and utilization are diversified. In addition, in the paper, the transition characteristics of space utilization of Zhongshan Park were analyzed through the four kinds of spatial elements, including the landscape system, construction facilities, garden road distribution and activity area. The results show that park space utilization initially concentrated in the northwest and the central south, took the natural landscape pattern as the tone and added the Western landscape elements, gradually opened up the east-west core axis, and the frequency and scale of utilization were in the highest level in the reform and opening period. However, the cultural theme is weakened and the protection and utilization of Zhongshan Park as a cultural landscape heritage is slightly inadequate. |
| Key words: landscape architecture modern city park space utilization history of transition |
